Nutritional niche overlap potentiates the use of endophytes in biocontrol of a tree disease

Blumenstein, Kathrin; Albrectsen, Benedicte Riber; Martín, Juan A.; Hultberg, Malin; Sieber, Thomas N.; Helander, Marjo; Witzell, Johanna

doi:10.1007/s10526-015-9668-1

Cited by 87 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, we cannot exclude that associations are so complex that a larger number of host genotypes are needed to explore potential effects of salicinoid profiles. In future studies, substrate requirements and niche overlap by the use of microtiter plates (Blumenstein et al 2015) could also resolve effects of specific phenolic compounds; however at present with the selection of fungi found in this study, we cannot directly relate any leaf phenolic property to the presence or performance of any particular member of the mycobiome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…This method increases the chance of detecting rare morphs, speed up handling time (Shokralla et al 2012; Lindahl et al 2013), and NGS or HTS (high-throughput sequencing) technology that generates millions of fungal reads may also simultaneously and precisely test multiple effectors (Siddique and Unterseher 2016; Siddique et al 2017). Phenotype microarrays (Blumenstein et al 2015) further provide complementary information about fungal-defined substrate requirements. These new techniques are still rather expensive to use and they are equipment demanding (Porras-Alfaro and Bayman 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Both plant genotype and herbivory shape aspen endophyte communities

et al. 2018

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Salicinoid phenolic glycosides are common defence substances in salicaceous trees and specialist leaf beetles use these compounds for their own defence against predators. Salicinoids vary qualitatively and qualitatively in aspen (Populus tremula) and this variation has a genetic basis. The foliar endophyte mycobiome is plentiful and we hypothesised that it is related to plant genotype, potentially mediated by salicinoid composition, and that interactions with the leaf beetle Chrysomela tremula may alter this relationship. We studied these three-way interactions in controlled greenhouse experiments. Endophytic fungi were isolated from sterilised leaf tissues with and without beetle damage, and from beetles. We confirmed that endophyte composition was influenced by host genotype. Beetle activity added generalist morphs to the mycobiome that overrode the initial host association. Yeast-like genera (Cryptococcus and Rhodotorula) were isolated only from beetle-damaged tissues and from beetles, whereas fast-growing filamentous fungi dominated beetle-free control plants. Competition experiments between filamentous fungi of plant origin and beetle-related yeasts suggested interaction of both stimulating and inhibiting modes of action amongst the fungi. As a result, we detected examples of amensalism, commensalism, parasitism and competition between the morphs tested, but we found no evidence of mutualism, and consequently no co-evolutionary relationship could be demonstrated, between yeasts carried by beetles, host genotype and associated filamentous morphs. Endophyte studies are method-dependent and high-throughput sequencing technology best define the fungal mycobiome, culturing however continues to be a cheap way to provide fundamental ecological insights and it is also required for experimental studies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00442-018-4097-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Both plant genotype and herbivory shape aspen endophyte communities

et al. 2018

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“…The diversity of xylem endophytic fungi isolated in artificial media was found to be higher in susceptible elm genotypes to DED than in tolerant genotypes, probably as a consequence of the different chemical profile of the two tree groups in xylem tissues (Martín et al 2013). The ability of certain elm endophytes to metabolize carbon sources was comparable to that of O. novo-ulmi, showing an extensive niche overlap between endophytes and the pathogen and suggesting that some endophyte strains may protect elms against DED pathogen through competition for substrates (Blumenstein et al 2015). Other works have reported that a large proportion of endophytic fungi isolated in artificial media show some degree of antagonism to DED pathogens (Webber and Hedger 1986;Martín et al 2015b).…”

Section: Biological Control In the Fight Against Dedmentioning

confidence: 96%

Breeding and scientific advances in the fight against Dutch elm disease: Will they allow the use of elms in forest restoration?

et al. 2018

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Elms (Ulmus spp.) were once dominant trees in mixed broadleaf forests of many European territories, mainly distributed near rivers and streams or on floodplains. Since ancient times they have provided important services to humans, and several selected genotypes have been massively propagated and planted. Today elm populations are severely degraded due to the negative impact of human-induced changes in riparian ecosystems and the emergence of the highly aggressive Dutch elm disease pathogens. Despite the death of most large elm specimens, there is no evidence of genetic diversity loss in elm populations, probably due to their ability to resprout after disease. The recovery of elm populations from the remaining diversity should build from genomic tools that facilitate achievement of resistant elm clones. Research works to date have discerned the genetic diversity of elms and are well on the way to deciphering the genetic clues of elm resistance and pathogen virulence, key findings for addressing recovery of elm populations. Several tolerant clones suitable for use in urban and landscape planting have been obtained through traditional species hybridization with Asian elms, and various native clones have been selected and used in pilot forest restoration projects. Successful reintroduction of elms should also rely on a deeper understanding of elm ecology, in particular their resilience to abiotic and biotic disturbances. However, all these efforts would be in vain without the final acceptance of elm reintroduction by the social actors involved, making it necessary to evaluate and publicize the ecosystem services elms can provide for today's society.

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“…The potential for endophytes as biological control agents (BCAs) has mainly been tested in agricultural plant pathosystems, but more recent studies have also suggested that endophytes could also be used against forest diseases (Mart ınez-Alvarez et al, 2012;Blumenstein et al, 2015;Romeralo et al, 2015;Mart ınez-Alvarez et al, 2016;Terhonen et al, 2016). Many endophytic fungi have coevolved with their hosts (Krings et al, 2012) and are widespread in forests (Saikkonen et al, 1998;Sieber, 2007;Partida-Mart ınez & Heil, 2011).…”

Section: Endophytic Fungi and Antagonism By Trichoderma Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally friendly methods for controlling pine pitch canker

et al. 2019

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Fusarium circinatum is a highly virulent invasive pathogen that causes the disease commonly known as pine pitch canker (PPC). On mature trees, the most common symptoms of PPC include resin bleeding, resinous cankers, wilting of needles and dieback. In nurseries the main symptoms are yellowish needles, and wilting of foliage and shoots. PPC is considered one of the most important diseases of conifers globally and at least 60 species of Pinus along with Pseudotsuga menziesii are known to be susceptible. Quarantine regulations are crucial to minimize the risk of new introductions into disease‐free countries. However, if these measures fail, implementation of environmentally friendly control methods is currently encouraged in an integrated management approach that minimizes the use of chemicals in forests. This review therefore summarizes current knowledge of biological control using endophytic fungi, bacteria and viruses, and other environmentally friendly methods to control PPC, including thermotherapy, natural products with fungicidal effects, promoters of innate host resistance mechanisms and breeding for resistance. Key research gaps to be addressed for improvement of effective management of this disease are discussed.

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Nutritional niche overlap potentiates the use of endophytes in biocontrol of a tree disease

Cited by 87 publications

References 48 publications

Both plant genotype and herbivory shape aspen endophyte communities

Both plant genotype and herbivory shape aspen endophyte communities

Breeding and scientific advances in the fight against Dutch elm disease: Will they allow the use of elms in forest restoration?

Environmentally friendly methods for controlling pine pitch canker

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