Nutritional Requirements with CAPD

Kopple, Joel D.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-11784-2_75

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Gastric emptying is delayed in patients with chronic renal failure (39). Abdominal distention by the dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity may further interfere with gastric emptying, resulting in impairment of food intake and glucose absorption (40,41). Hemodialysis is also known to compromise gastric myoelectrical activity (42).…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Abnormalities Affecting Enteral Glucose Absmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of End‐Stage Renal Disease and Dialysis on Glycemic Control

Mak

2000

Seminars in Dialysis

100

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Section: Gastrointestinal Abnormalities Affecting Enteral Glucose Absmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of End‐Stage Renal Disease and Dialysis on Glycemic Control

Mak

2000

Seminars in Dialysis

100

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“…Achievement of nitrogen balance is an important part of dialysis therapy, especially in anuric patients [8,9] . Due to the intermittent nature of HD and the continuous nature of PD, HD can clean more urea out and lose less protein than PD [10] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

No Difference in Nitrogen Balance between Standard Prescriptions of Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis

Lü

Cheng²,

Axelsson³

et al. 2008

Blood Purif

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Background: It has been thought that peritoneal dialysis (PD) may not achieve adequate solute removal after the loss of residual renal function when compared to hemodialysis (HD). However, it should be noted that adequate solute removal depends not only on dialysis dose but also on dietary intake. Therefore, in the present study, we compared, both theoretically and clinically, the dietary protein intake and nitrogen removal between standard HD and PD as currently practiced in China. Methods: The nitrogen removal for both HD and PD was calculated theoretically with defined membrane permeability. For HD, the urea removal was based on a 2-compartment model. We compared the dietary protein intake and the amount of nitrogen removed at dialysis in 38 anuric well-nourished hemodialysis patients and 44 peritoneal dialysis patients. Results: With the theoretical calculation, setting the blood urea level at 21 or 26 mmol/l for both dialysis modalities, with the current practice pattern (4 exchanges of 2 liters of dialysis solution a day for PD and 4 h × 3 per week for HD), HD and PD removed almost identical amounts of nitrogen, and the allowable dietary protein intakes to achieve nitrogen balance for each modality were about 0.9 and 1.0 g/kg/day, respectively. In the 38 HD patients, the peak blood urea concentration was 26.44 ± 3.96 mmol/l, significantly higher than that of PD patients (20.85 ± 4.08 mmol/l). There was no significant difference in the dietary protein intake between the 2 modalities: 1.01 ± 0.29 and 0.91 ± 0.28 g/kg/day for HD patients and PD patients, respectively. Conclusions: Our study suggests that to achieve the same level of blood urea level, the protein intake and nitrogen removal is almost identical between HD and PD with the current practice pattern, indicating PD could provide similar dialysis adequacy to that of HD when patients lose their residual renal function.

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Effects of Intraperitoneal Infusion of Dextrose and Amino Acids on the Appetite of Rabbits

1993

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We studied the effect of Intraperitoneal Infusion of various volumes and concentrations of dextrose (D) and amino acid (AA) solutions, In a variety of peritoneal dialysis schedules on food Intake and biochemical profile in normal and uremic rabbits. Following omentectomy, a peritoneal catheter was implanted. Animals had free access to food, and consumption was measured daily by weight of the remaining food in the cage. We studied the effect of volume (30-50-100 mL/kg), dextrose concentration (0.5-1.5-2.5-4.25-6.6 g/dL) and AA (Travasol based) (2% in Dianeal or glucose-free solution). Dialysis schedules Included once/day, twice/day, or four-daily exchanges similar to CAPD. The durations of the exchanges were 4–6 weeks and in certain groups, amino acid exchanges for a week alternated with dextrose exchanges. Our results Indicate the following: omentectomy and catheter implantation significantly decrease food Intake. There is a significant decrease In food Intake after initiation of dialysis that returns to baseline after 2–4 weeks while dialysis continues. Higher volumes (100 mL/kg) decrease food Intake significantly, especially with hypertonic solution of either D or AA. There was no difference in food Intake between D and AA Infusion In any amount of infused volumes. Amino acids do not seem to have a suppressing effect on appetite. However, large volumes and hypertonicity reduce food Intake.

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Nutritional Requirements with CAPD

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Impact of End‐Stage Renal Disease and Dialysis on Glycemic Control

Impact of End‐Stage Renal Disease and Dialysis on Glycemic Control

No Difference in Nitrogen Balance between Standard Prescriptions of Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis

Effects of Intraperitoneal Infusion of Dextrose and Amino Acids on the Appetite of Rabbits

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