Abstract:COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic in 2020. Host preparation to combat the virus is an important strategy to avoid COVID-19 severity. Thus, the relationship between eating habits, nutritional status, and their effects on the immune response and further implications in viral respiratory infections are important topics discussed in this revision. Malnutrition causes the most diverse alterations in t… Show more
“…In other studies in the fecal microbiome it was found that Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium , Streptococcus, Clostridium, Firmicutes, Corynebacterium, Ruthenibacterium were over represented and the Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus, Parabacteroides Roseburia, Faecalibacterium and Bacteroidetes were inferior [ 32 , 33 ]. Firmicutes, has a potential influence on the intestinal ACE2 expression and Bacteroides dorei, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides massiliensis e Bacteroides ovatus , has shown an inverse correlation with the fecal load of SARS-Cov-2 and a protective effect against inflammation [ 31 , 33 , 34 ]. Fig.…”
Section: The Sars-covid-19 Action On Microbiotamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the lungs, they contribute to stimulate a Th2 immune response. Contemporary, probiotics show an immunomodulating role in the cytokines storm (IL-1B, IL-6, IL-15, IL-15, IL-17 IFN-γ, TNF-α) [ 34 , [48] , [49] , [50] ].…”
Section: Sars-cov-19 Infection and The Role Of Probiotics In Microbiomentioning
“…In other studies in the fecal microbiome it was found that Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium , Streptococcus, Clostridium, Firmicutes, Corynebacterium, Ruthenibacterium were over represented and the Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus, Parabacteroides Roseburia, Faecalibacterium and Bacteroidetes were inferior [ 32 , 33 ]. Firmicutes, has a potential influence on the intestinal ACE2 expression and Bacteroides dorei, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides massiliensis e Bacteroides ovatus , has shown an inverse correlation with the fecal load of SARS-Cov-2 and a protective effect against inflammation [ 31 , 33 , 34 ]. Fig.…”
Section: The Sars-covid-19 Action On Microbiotamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the lungs, they contribute to stimulate a Th2 immune response. Contemporary, probiotics show an immunomodulating role in the cytokines storm (IL-1B, IL-6, IL-15, IL-15, IL-17 IFN-γ, TNF-α) [ 34 , [48] , [49] , [50] ].…”
Section: Sars-cov-19 Infection and The Role Of Probiotics In Microbiomentioning
“…Thus, it is necessary to adopt care measures to protect elderly people and prevent adverse health events resulting from Covid-19. Among these precautions, one can mention the monitoring and maintenance of an adequate nutritional status, since malnutrition and overweight/obesity lead to changes in the immune response, thus contributing to greater susceptibility to the new coronavirus [ 6 ].…”
The objective of this study was to identify the health conditions considered potential risk factors for severe Covid-19 and analyze its association with the BMI of elderly people living in Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCF). This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, carried out in eight LTCF in the Metropolitan Region of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, with a population of 267 elderly people, between the months of February and December 2018. The Elderly Health Handbook was used to collect data on sociodemographic, health and risk factors. The Pearson’s Chi-square test and odds ratio were used for the analysis. A higher frequency of low weight was observed in elderly people with cognitive impairment (24.6%), and overweight in those hypertensive (23.3%) and diabetics (12.9%). BMI was associated with the age group of 80 years or over, hypertension and diabetes (p = 0.013; p < 0.001; p = 0.001). Hypertensive elderly people were more likely to have low weight when compared to non-hypertensive individuals (RC = 3.6; 95% CI 1.5–8.6). The institutionalized elderly individuals present health conditions that may contribute to the occurrence of adverse outcomes in case of infection by Covid-19. The importance of protective measures for this population must be reinforced, in view of the devastating action of this disease in these institutions.
“…Among COVID-19 management strategies, healthy diet and nutrition show potential impacts on immune system and health outcomes (16)(17)(18). A diversified and balanced diet can improve the immune response to viral infection (19). Healthy foods have been found as a potential therapy to enhance immunity, to improve the acute respiratory symptoms and health outcomes which may help to protect people during the COVID-19 pandemic (20).…”
Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic causes a huge burden for affected countries. Several public health interventions were applied to contain the infection. However, the pandemic itself and the lockdown measure negatively influence people's lifestyles and psychological health.
Purpose:
To explore determinants of healthy dietary intake and depression, and examine the interaction between healthy dietary intake and COVID-19 lockdown on depression.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at 18 hospitals and health centers from February 14 to May 31, 2020. Data of 8,291 outpatients were collected including patients' characteristics, clinical parameters, health literacy, healthy dietary intake (using the healthy eating score, HES), other health-related behaviors, and depression (using the patient health questionnaire, PHQ). Depression was defined as PHQ score ≥ 10.
Results:
Protective factors of healthy dietary intake and depression were higher education, better medication payment ability, higher social status, more physical activity, and higher health literacy, whereas older age, ever married, own business or other types of occupation, lockdown, suspected COVID-19 symptoms, and comorbidity were associated with lower HES scores and a higher depression likelihood. Besides, overweight/obesity and alcohol drinking were associated with lower HES scores. As compared with patients not under lockdown and with lowest HES score, those who were under lockdown and with lowest HES score had 10.6 times higher depression likelihood (odds ratio, OR, 10.60; 95% CI 6.88, 16.32;
p
< 0.001), whereas people with higher HES score had 15% lower depression likelihood (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.82, 0.89;
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions:
Healthy dietary intake and depression were determined by several sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors. Lockdown measure affects people's dietary intake behavior and depression. Importantly, healthy dietary intake potentially modifies the negative effect of lockdown on depression.
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