Nutritional supplementation of pregnant adolescents

Systematic review on evidence‐based adolescent nutrition interventions

“…A study from the United States provided nutritional supplementation to pregnant adolescents (provided 240 kcal of energy, 14.5 g of protein, 33.2 g of carbohydrate with 4 g of lactose and the rest as sucrose, 5.6 g of fat, 4 mg of iron, and 240 mg of calcium in 240 mL). This study reported a nonsignificant increase in birth weight (SMD 156.80; 95% CI −1.82 to 315.42) . Another study from Peru consisted of participatory training with community kitchen leaders, educational materials, and increased access to heme iron (chicken liver and blood) for adolescents in the first 5 months, and reported a reduction in anemia rates (RR 0.32; 95% CI 0.26–0.69; n = 22).…”

“…20-25, 101 Our search for adolescentspecific trials identified three trials. [102][103][104][105] A study from the United States provided nutritional supplementation to pregnant adolescents (provided 240 kcal of energy, 14.5 g of protein, 33.2 g of carbohydrate with 4 g of lactose and the rest as sucrose, 5.6 g of fat, 4 mg of iron, and 240 mg of calcium in 240 mL). This study reported a nonsignificant increase in birth weight (SMD 156.80; 95% CI −1.82 to 315.42).…”

“…This study reported a nonsignificant increase in birth weight (SMD 156.80; 95% CI −1.82 to 315.42). 102 Another study from Peru 103,104 consisted of participatory training with community kitchen leaders, educational materials, and increased access to heme iron (chicken liver Hettiarachchi, 48 Clark, 95 Castillo-Duran, 99 Cherry. 96 and blood) for adolescents in the first 5 months, and reported a reduction in anemia rates (RR 0.32; 95% CI 0.26-0.69; n = 22).…”

Nutrient supplementation during the first 1000 days and growth of infants born to pregnant adolescents

“…It is possible that the calcium content of the prenatal LNS used in our trial contributed to the positive effects on birth outcomes, but the amount of calcium provided (280 mg) was well below the doses used in the above studies. With regard to balanced energy‐protein supplementation, we found only one trial among pregnant adolescents, which was conducted in a cohort of 157 disadvantaged African‐Americans in the United States and demonstrated a significant effect on mean birth weight compared with a no‐supplementation control group. One recent study in Malawi compared groups of moderately malnourished pregnant adolescents given supplements with similar energy and protein but differing in micronutrient content, and did not observe any group differences in infant outcomes .…”

“…There is very little evidence regarding the effects of prenatal nutritional supplementation interventions for pregnant adolescents apart from three studies of zinc supplementation in the United States and Chile; four studies of supplementation with calcium (or dairy products) in the United States, Ecuador, and Brazil; one study of energy‐protein supplementation in the United States; and one study in Malawi comparing groups given supplements with similar energy and protein, but differing in micronutrient content . In a pooled analysis of 17 trials of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplements, younger women (<20 years of age) did not respond differently than adult women in terms of effects on birth outcomes.…”