O Debate Institucional Sobre Rodovias Na Amazônia: O Caso Da Br-319

Abstract

Os revigoramentos dos eixos rodoviários existentes na Amazônia sempre foi visto pelos ambientalistas, pesquisadores e pelas instituições do próprio Estado como um vetor capaz de propiciar o avanço do desmatamento na região. O presente trabalho busca analisar esses impasses existentes no âmbito institucional, tendo como objeto geográfico particular de analise a recuperação de BR-319 entre as cidades de Manaus e Porto Velho. Para elaboração deste texto utilizou-se largamente de fontes constituídas na década de 70 e da atualidade.

A Contribution towards Sustainable Development in the Amazon Based on a Socioeconomic and Environmental Analysis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in the State of Pará, Brazil

“…The significant number of cases of the disease in children below school age is due to the vulnerability caused by the social and environmental inequalities that affect the majority of Amazonian populations [ 39 , 40 , 41 ], which include limited access to goods and services and the low protection of children’s health in socio-environmentally deprived areas. This age group is more susceptible to the disease because their immune system is still immature, especially in those with food and nutritional insecurity [ 42 , 43 ].…”

“…The spatial analysis using the flow map showed a large number of patients affected by HVL during the study period who had to travel to other mesoregions. The state capital located in the Belém Metropolitan Region, is the main point of attraction, as it has the most qualified physical and professional infrastructure [ 40 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. This convergence with cross-sectional flow poses a major problem for the Unified Health System in terms of regulating and treating cases, which points to the need for decentralizing the services for dealing with the disease.…”

“…The rural transmission pattern of HVL in the Marajó, Belém Metropolitan and Northeast Pará mesoregions is related to the socioeconomic characteristics of population groups that have well-defined intersectionalities and social markers in the Amazon region, including subsistence farmers, extractivists and small-scale fishers. The practices of such groups are associated mainly with riverine communities, quilombolas, settlers and Indigenous people, who make up the majority of the region's peasantry [18,31,40,42,48,49]. These populations, due to their historical origins, cultural practices and because they are inserted in the peripheral context of the economic system and its relationship with regional development, live and carry out their productive activities in areas vulnerable to the socio-environmental production of diseases.…”

Pharmaceutical Services Management Capacity and the Municipal Socioeconomic Scenario: Persistent Inequalities

“…Despite the various strategies to improve PHC nancing and investment in training [18], it is known that Brazilian municipalities face diverse types of di culties, especially small ones, because they do not have enough own resources to nance expenses not covered by the federal government [20,51]. Besides, the health service network is insu cient and there is di culty in maintaining human resources in small municipalities [51,58,59].…”