Obesity and Overweight Associated With Increased Carotid Diameter and Decreased Arterial Function in Young Otherwise Healthy Men

Kappus, Rebecca M.; Fahs, Christopher A.; Smith, Denise L.; Horn, Gavin P.; Agiovlasitis, Stomatis; Rossow, Lindy M.; Jae, Sae Young; Heffernan, Kevin S.; Fernhall, Bo

doi:10.1093/ajh/hpt152

Cited by 46 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…; Kappus et al. ). We also observed higher resting brachial (DBP and MAP) and central BP (SBP, DBP, and MAP) and cPWV in obese individuals compared with normal‐weight individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effect of acute maximal exercise on postexercise hemodynamics and central arterial stiffness in obese and normal-weight individuals

et al. 2017

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Central arterial stiffness is associated with incident hypertension and negative cardiovascular outcomes. Obese individuals have higher central blood pressure (BP) and central arterial stiffness than their normal‐weight counterparts, but it is unclear whether obesity also affects hemodynamics and central arterial stiffness after maximal exercise. We evaluated central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness during recovery from acute maximal aerobic exercise in obese and normal‐weight individuals. Forty‐six normal‐weight and twenty‐one obese individuals underwent measurements of central BP and central arterial stiffness at rest and 15 and 30 min following acute maximal exercise. Central BP and normalized augmentation index (AIx@75) were derived from radial artery applanation tonometry, and central arterial stiffness was obtained via carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cPWV) and corrected for central mean arterial pressure (cPWV/cMAP). Central arterial stiffness increased in obese individuals but decreased in normal‐weight individuals following acute maximal exercise, after adjusting for fitness. Obese individuals also exhibited an overall higher central BP (P < 0.05), with no exercise effect. The increase in heart rate was greater in obese versus normal‐weight individuals following exercise (P < 0.05), but there was no group differences or exercise effect for AIx@75. In conclusion, obese (but not normal‐weight) individuals increased central arterial stiffness following acute maximal exercise. An assessment of arterial stiffness response to acute exercise may serve a useful detection tool for subclinical vascular dysfunction.

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“…; Kappus et al. ). We also observed higher resting brachial (DBP and MAP) and central BP (SBP, DBP, and MAP) and cPWV in obese individuals compared with normal‐weight individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effect of acute maximal exercise on postexercise hemodynamics and central arterial stiffness in obese and normal-weight individuals

et al. 2017

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“…Esse último grupo (C/ ag) demonstrou menor espessura do vaso quando comparado aos animais obesos (O/ag e O/co), porém estes valores não são estatisticamente relevantes. Outros estudos demonstram que a obesidade está associada com aumento da espessura da túnica média (KAPPUS et al, 2014;VAN DRONGELEN et al, 2012), podendo não ter sido demonstrado de maneira estatisticamente significativa em nosso estudo devido ao reduzido tamanho dos grupos. A administração de óleo de coco levou a um pequeno aumento da espessura do vaso tanto nos animais controles como nos obesos, sendo o aumento mais pronunciado entre os animais controles, porém esse aumento não foi estatisticamente significativo.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeito do Óleo de Coco sobre a Morfologia da Aorta de Ratos Obesos

Travain¹,

Santos²,

Carrascoza

et al. 2015

SaudPesq

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EffEcts of cocoNUt oil oN tHE morPHologY of obEsE rats´ aorta abstract: Current study analyzes the influence of coconut oil on the morphology of the thorax aorta in 23 rats aged 120 days. The animals were separated into two groups, control (treated with standard ration for rodents) and obese (treated with a hypercaloric diet to induce obesity). After 90 days the control and obese groups were subdivided into two additional groups: C/ag, C/co, O/ag, O/co. On the 120th day the rats were euthanized with sodium pentobarbitol. The thorax aortas were removed and histologically processed. They were stained with Masson Trichromium and orcein-picrosirius-hematoxylin to visualize collagen components, smooth and elastic muscle, followed by volume density. Vessel thickness was evaluated by intima-media measure. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey´s test were employed at 5% significance. The use of coconut oil in obese rats may have induced vascular re-modeling by decreasing the composition of collagen and increasing the smooth muscle cells in obese rats treated with coconut oil.

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“…Intuitively one would think that obesity, being related to higher cardiovascular risk would be positively related to elevated arterial stiffness. However the literature shows conflicting data [28][29][30][31][32]. In their review about risk factors associated with PWV, Cecelja et al found that only 13% of the relevant publications reported a positive association between BMI and PWV [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their review about risk factors associated with PWV, Cecelja et al found that only 13% of the relevant publications reported a positive association between BMI and PWV [4]. Several authors reported a negative association [33,34] or no association [30][31][32]. Indeed overestimation of the arterial path length or clinical confounders of obesity could skew results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial stiffness is elevated in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy

Chen

Chiheb

Fysekidis

et al. 2015

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

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Obesity and Overweight Associated With Increased Carotid Diameter and Decreased Arterial Function in Young Otherwise Healthy Men

Cited by 46 publications

References 43 publications

The effect of acute maximal exercise on postexercise hemodynamics and central arterial stiffness in obese and normal-weight individuals

The effect of acute maximal exercise on postexercise hemodynamics and central arterial stiffness in obese and normal-weight individuals

Efeito do Óleo de Coco sobre a Morfologia da Aorta de Ratos Obesos

Arterial stiffness is elevated in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy

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