Obesity in Adulthood and Its Consequences for Life Expectancy: A Life-Table Analysis

Peeters, Anna; Barendregt, Jan J.; Willekens, Frans; Mackenbach, Johan P.; Mamun, Abdullah Al; Bonneux, Luc

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-1-200301070-00008

Cited by 1,251 publications

(779 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

694

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…1 If current trends in obesity continue, the most recent generation may have a lower lifespan than their parents. 2 Weight loss, however, has recently been shown to increase mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol metabolism and body composition in women: the effects of moderate weight loss

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To determine how moderate weight loss protocol through diet and exercise may affect changes in body composition, to determine the effects of weight loss on cholesterol metabolism and to examine the relationship between cholesterol metabolism and changes in body composition. Design: Thirty-five otherwise healthy, hypercholesterolemic women completed a 24-week weight loss study. A 20% decrease in energy intake through diet and a 10% increase in energy expenditure by exercise were combined with motivational strategies to encourage weight loss. The diet was self-selected and comprised of 50-60% carbohydrates, 20% protein and o30% fat. Results: Participants lost an average of 11.772.5 kg (Po0.001). Whole body and regional losses in tissue mass occurred after weight loss. After weight loss, cholesterol fractional synthesis rate (FSR) decreased (P ¼ 0.003) 3.8679.33%, whereas rates of cholesterol absorption and turnover did not change (3.31719.4%, P ¼ 0.32 and À0.0176.20%, P ¼ 0.75, respectively). Changes in cholesterol turnover were positively correlated (r ¼ 0.44, P ¼ 0.01) with changes in FSR. Reductions in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were predictive (b ¼ À5.04, r ¼ 0.38; P ¼ 0.03, and b ¼ À147, r ¼ 0.40; P ¼ 0.03, respectively) of increases in cholesterol turnover. Losses in skeletal muscle (SM) and upper-body SM predicted (b ¼ 6.82, r ¼ 0.36; P ¼ 0.04 and b ¼ 14.7, r ¼ 0.41; P ¼ 0.01, respectively) decreases in cholesterol absorption. Conclusions: Decreases in cholesterol synthesis after moderate weight loss are not compensated for by changes in cholesterol absorption or turnover. Changes in regional body composition were associated with variations in cholesterol metabolism. Understanding how weight loss affects cholesterol metabolism will help identify more effective treatment routes for overweight individuals undergoing weight loss resulting in earlier and more intensive therapy for the associated dyslipidemia.

show abstract

“…1 If current trends in obesity continue, the most recent generation may have a lower lifespan than their parents. 2 Weight loss, however, has recently been shown to increase mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol metabolism and body composition in women: the effects of moderate weight loss

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Stunted growth during gestation or early infancy predisposes for overweight and obesity when nutritional intake increases. Overweight predisposes for cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome (Peeters et al, 2003). It is the negative effect of a rapid nutrition transition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional status following malaria control in a Vietnamese ethnic minority commune

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To study whether control of malaria leads to catch-up growth or an increase of obesity in a marginally nourished population. Setting: A Vietnamese ethnic minority commune in southern Vietnam. Design: Repeated annual anthropometric surveys were performed from 1995 to 2000. Z-scores for height, weight and BMI for age and weight-for-height were determined by using NCHS 1978 and CDC 2000 reference tables and by the LMS method. Intervention: Active malaria control that reduced the parasite carrier rate from 50% in 1994 to practically nil in 1998. Results: Inhabitants were generally of short stature and very thin. Using the US reference tables, the prevalence of moderate/ severe stunting among children was 53/24% and of wasting 27/9% in the first survey in 1995. Physical condition and normal daily activities of most inhabitants were normal. The repeated LMS-Z-scores uncovered a significant recovery of stunting, extending into preadolescence, including the development of a pubertal growth spurt for girls and enhancement of pubertal growth in boys, after control of malaria. The mean (95% CI) annual increase of Z-height-for-age was 0.11 (0.09-0.12) for boys and 0.14 (0.13-0.15) for girls (Po0.001). As a consequence, weight-for-age and BMI Z-scores decreased without indication of developing obesity. Conclusion: Catch-up growth, extending into preadolescent age, was observed in a Vietnamese ethnic minority population with a chronic state of low food intake, without indication of developing obesity. The control of malaria was probably the most significant contribution to this catch-up growth.

show abstract

“…Obesity in adulthood substantially reduces life expectancy 20 and is one of the classical risk factors associated with increased mortality risk from CHD and ischemic stroke. 21 However, some prospective population-based studies failed to confirm the independent influence of obesity on fatal outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effects of depressed mood and obesity on long-term cardiovascular risks in 1510 obese men and women: results from the MONICA–KORA Augsburg Cohort Study 1984–1998

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To examine the contribution of depressed mood in obese subjects on the prediction of a future coronary heart disease event (CHD). Design: A prospective population-based cohort study of three independent cross-sectional surveys with 6239 subjects, 45-74 years of age and free of diagnosed CHD, stroke and cancer. During a mean follow-up of 7 years, 179 CHD events occurred among men and 50 events among women. Subjects: A total of 737 (23%) male and 773 (26%) female subjects suffering from obesity (BMI X30 kg/m 2 ). Measurements: Body weight determined by trained medical staff following a standardized protocol; standardized questionnaires to assess subsyndromal depressive mood and other psychosocial features. Results: The main effect of obesity to predict a future CHD (hazard ratio, HR ¼ 1.38, 95% CI 1.03-1.84; P ¼ 0.031) and the interaction term of obesity by depression (HR ¼ 1.73, 95% CI 0.98-3.05; P ¼ 0.060) were borderline significant, both covariate adjusted for multiple risk factors. Relative to the male subgroup with normal body weight and no depression, the male obese group with no depression was not at significantly increased risk for CHD events (HR ¼ 1.17, 95% CI 0.76-1.80; P ¼ 0.473) whereas CHD risk in males with both obesity and depressed mood was substantially increased (HR ¼ 2.32, 95% CI 1.45-3.72, P40.0001). The findings for women were similar, however, not significant probably owing to lack of power associated with low event rates. Combining obesity and depressed mood resulted in a relative risk to suffer from a future CHD event of HR 1.84 (95% CI 0.79-4.26; P ¼ 0.158). Conclusions: Depressed mood substantially amplifies the CHD risk of middle-aged obese, but otherwise apparently healthy men. The impact of depression on the obesity risk in women is less pronounced.

show abstract

Obesity in Adulthood and Its Consequences for Life Expectancy: A Life-Table Analysis

Cited by 1,251 publications

References 34 publications

Cholesterol metabolism and body composition in women: the effects of moderate weight loss

Cholesterol metabolism and body composition in women: the effects of moderate weight loss

Nutritional status following malaria control in a Vietnamese ethnic minority commune

Synergistic effects of depressed mood and obesity on long-term cardiovascular risks in 1510 obese men and women: results from the MONICA–KORA Augsburg Cohort Study 1984–1998

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About