Object-oriented Bayesian networks for complex forensic DNA profiling problems

Dawid, A. Philip; Mortera, Julia; Vicard, Paola

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.08.028

Cited by 66 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It may result in false conclusions when a genetic mosaic or a chimera is involved in a case. It is, therefore, recommended that an appropriate probabilistic analysis of the crime or paternity case, taking into account inconsistencies between STR profiles, should be used [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One person with two DNA profiles: a(nother) case of mosaicism or chimerism

Castella¹,

Lesta²,

Mangin³

2009

Int J Legal Med

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Nuclear DNA markers, such as short tandem repeats (STR), are widely used for crime investigation and paternity testing. STR were used to determine whether a piece of tissue regurgitated by a dog was part of the penis of a dead, emasculated, man. Unexpectedly, when analyzing the recovered material and a blood sample from the deceased, five out of the 18 loci differed. According to the results, one could have concluded that these samples originated from two different persons. However, taking into account contextual information and data from complementary genetic analyses, the most likely hypothesis was that the deceased was a genetic mosaic or a chimera. Within a forensic genetic context, such genetic peculiarities may prevent associating the perpetrator of an offense with a stain left at a crime scene or lead to false paternity exclusions. Fast recognition of mosaics or chimeras, adapted sampling scheme, as well as careful interpretation of the data should allow avoiding such pitfalls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One person with two DNA profiles: a(nother) case of mosaicism or chimerism

Castella¹,

Lesta²,

Mangin³

2009

Int J Legal Med

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“…This is evident by the publication of a new text devoted solely to the use of forensic BNs [1] and various articles considering an array of forensic problems [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. A recent advancement in BN design is the application of the object-oriented programming paradigm [25,26], resulting in hierarchical representations, particularly well-suited for forensic DNA casework [27,28]. We use this technology here, making use of the object-oriented modeling capabilities of the BN software program HUGIN.…”

Section: Bayesian Network In Forensicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A BN for this case was first presented in [17] and reimplemented using objectoriented techniques in [28] resulting in the object-oriented Bayesian network (OOBN) appearing in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Example One: a Simple Paternity Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather than describe the entire network in detail, the reader is referred to Section 4 of [28] where all nodes and network classes are described. Here, a brief summary of the notation is given, then we explain the variations needed to account for allelic dependencies.…”

Section: Example One: a Simple Paternity Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A gene such as vWA has several different allelic forms and it is an allele that is transmitted from parent to child. As the distinction between gene and allele was not made in [28], the node labeling here will differ. Another important difference between the treatment here, and that of [28] is that we restrict allele nodes to have a maximum of five states.…”

Section: Example One: a Simple Paternity Casementioning

confidence: 99%

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Object-oriented Bayesian networks for paternity cases with allelic dependencies

Hepler

Weir

2008

Forensic Science International: Genetics

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This study extends the current use of Bayesian networks by incorporating the effects of allelic dependencies in paternity calculations. The use of object-oriented networks greatly simplify the process of building and interpreting forensic identification models, allowing researchers to solve new, more complex problems. We explore two paternity examples: the most common scenario where DNA evidence is available from the alleged father, the mother and the child; a more complex casewhere DNA is not available from the alleged father, but is available from the alleged father's brother. Object-oriented networks are built, using HUGIN, for each example which incorporate the effects of allelic dependence caused by evolutionary relatedness.

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Bayesian Networks

Taroni

2009

Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science

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Bayesian networks (BNs) are a mathematically and statistically rigorous technique for handling uncertainty. They allow their user to define a pictorial representation of assumed dependencies and influences among a set of variables deemed to be relevant for a particular inferential problem. Moreover, newly acquired evidence can be processed in a way that complies with the rules of probability calculus. The field of forensic science has recently attributed increased attention to the many advantages of this graphical method for assisting the evaluation and interpretation of scientific evidence.

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Object-oriented Bayesian networks for complex forensic DNA profiling problems

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

One person with two DNA profiles: a(nother) case of mosaicism or chimerism

One person with two DNA profiles: a(nother) case of mosaicism or chimerism

Object-oriented Bayesian networks for paternity cases with allelic dependencies

Bayesian Networks

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