Observation of Absorption-Dominated Bonding Dark Plasmon Mode from Metal–Insulator–Metal Nanodisk Arrays Fabricated by Nanospherical-Lens Lithography

Abstract

Plasmon hybridization modes are observed in the extinction spectra of a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) nanodisk array fabricated using nanospherical-lens lithography. Two distinct hybridization modes are observed in this vertically aligned configuration. Theoretical simulation indicates that the bonding mode located at a lower energy level exhibits an antiphase charge distribution and corresponds to the dark plasmon mode. This is vastly different compared to antibonding dark plasmon mode observed in the conventional dimer configuration. The observed mode is tunable over a wide spectral range simply by varying the insulator thickness and the diameters of the MIM nanodisks. Absorption is the dominating extinction process for the dark plasmon, while scattering dominates the bright plasmon mode. The ability to experimentally measure and tune dark plasmon modes using a MIM configuration should catalyze more novel studies that take full advantages of the absorption-dominated dark plasmon mode.

Subradiant, Superradiant Plasmon Modes and Fano Resonance in a Multilayer Nanocylinder Array Standing on a Thin Metal Film

“…Weak electric field intensity found in the bottom nanogap between adjacent Au nanodisks ( Fig. 3(az 2 , az 3 )) further shows the superradiant mode being only confined in the upper Ag nanodisk array, agreement with that observed in the structure with aligned vertically nanodisk pairs [37,38]. Noting that, the difference between our work and those reported in Refs.…”

“…As a result, the incident light energy is transferred from the upper Ag nanodisk via the excitation and coupling of LSPRs to the underlying Ag film by coupling of LSPRs and SPPs, and then be re-radiated out into the air space as light via the Ag film acting as the output coupler [34]. While for the threelayered gold-silica-gold nanoparticles and the metalinsulator-metal nanodisk arrays, both without the underlying gold film, only two plasmonic resonant peaks can be obtained [25,37,38]. These imply that SPPs excited on the underlying Ag film play an important role on the spectral responses.…”

Plasmonically enhanced hot electron based photovoltaic device

“…NPs exhibit immense confinement of light into very small volumes via localized surface plasmon (LSP) excitation. Excited LSP modes (due to NPs) interact with the underlying Au layer and trigger the dark modes in the top MIM [11]. Optical absorption at the top surface of the planar Au layer is significantly increased by this mechanism.…”

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“…Noble metal nanostructures have been attracting more and more attention due to the development of the theory and application of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) [1][2][3][4]. Numerical simulation, which efficiently combines theoretical and experimental study, plays a very important role in the study of plasmonics.…”