Observation of Interaction of Spin and Intrinsic Orbital Angular Momentum of Light

Vitullo, Dashiell L. P.; Leary, Cody; Gregg, Patrick; Smith, Roger A.; Reddy, Dileep V.; Ramachandran, Siddharth; Raymer, Michael G.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.118.083601

Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Their high index steps [57,67,68] help exacerbate the mode separations between SOa and SOaa modes (or, equivalently, HE and EH modes) to the order of Δn eff > 5 × 10 −5 (blue arrow in Figure 3), and the thin ring helps minimize the number of other radial order modes [69] that might be accidentally degenerate (and hence inadvertently mix) with the desired OAM modes. This design methodology has analogies with spin-orbit coupling for electrons in confined potentials [70], and has enabled device length (>10 m) fiber propagation of 24 modes [69], to date. Equation (5) and the form of P pert point to an interesting mode stability criterion for OAM modes with high L indices.…”

Section: Fiber Perturbationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation stability in optical fibers: role of path memory and angular momentum

Ramachandran

2020

Nanophotonics

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With growing interest in the spatial dimension of light, multimode fibers, which support eigenmodes with unique spatial and polarization attributes, have experienced resurgent attention. Exploiting this spatial diversity often requires robust modes during propagation, which, in realistic fibers, experience perturbations such as bends and path redirections. By isolating the effects of different perturbations an optical fiber experiences, we study the fundamental characteristics that distinguish the propagation stability of different spatial modes. Fiber perturbations can be cast in terms of the angular momentum they impart on light. Hence, the angular momentum content of eigenmodes (including their polarization states) plays a crucial role in how different modes are affected by fiber perturbations. We show that, accounting for common fiber-deployment conditions, including the more subtle effect of light’s path memory arising from geometric Pancharatnam–Berry phases, circularly polarized orbital angular momentum modes are the most stable eigenbasis for light propagation in suitably designed fibers. Aided by this stability, we show a controllable, wavelength-agnostic means of tailoring light’s phase due to its geometric phase arising from path memory effects. We expect that these findings will help inform the optimal modal basis to use in the variety of applications that envisage using higher-order modes of optical fibers.

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Section: Fiber Perturbationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation stability in optical fibers: role of path memory and angular momentum

Ramachandran

2020

Nanophotonics

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“…Optical multiplexing/demultiplexing utilizing the intrinsic physical properties of light including frequency,1–3 polarization4,5 and guided mode6–8 has played a crucial role in high‐capacity data storage and high‐speed communications. As one of the fundamental and important degree of freedom of light, angular momentum (AM) encompasses spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) 9–13. While SAM is associated with the circular polarization of light, which has two values of ± ħ per photon, where ħ is the reduced Plank constant.…”

Section: Optical Response and Polarization Conversion Efficiency For mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Optical Angular Momentum Manipulation for Compact Multiplexing and Demultiplexing Using a Dielectric Metasurface

Zhang

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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Angular momentum (AM), one of the most basic physical properties of light, has attracted great interest of the scientific community due to its significant values in high-capacity optical communication. To realize AM multiplexing and demultiplexing, the methods based on metallic metasurface are proposed, which suffers from huge Ohmic losses. Besides, additional coupling elements are necessary for coupling the output light into singlemode waveguides. Here, an efficient and focused AM multiplexing and demultiplexing system based on dielectric metasurfaces are proposed and investigated. Employing the off-axis technique and spin photonic Hall effect, the orbital angular momentum (OAM) and spin angular momentum (SAM) multiplexing/demultiplexing can be achieved. A 10-channel AM multiplexing/ demultiplexing system based on the proposed method is demonstrated. The demultiplexing efficiencies for all AM stats are above 8% and the maximum crosstalk among all AM states is −12.8 dB, which exhibits an excellent performance of the proposed metasurface for the AM demultiplexing. Furthermore, the output light is focused at the focal plane, which can be directly coupled into the single-mode waveguides and improve the compactness of the system. The proposed method provides an effective way for AM multiplexing and demultiplexing, which possess a crucial potential for high-capacity optical communication applications.

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“…However, the spin-orbit coupling inevitably appears under the consideration of transverse confinement and removes the independence of SAM and OAM. Now it is well known that the guided light beams propagating in an inhomogeneous media possess mutually coupled SAM and OAM [21][22][23]. As a result, the polarization and the propagation of optical beams are connected via the spin-orbit interaction of light in the guiding systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angular momentum of optical modes in a silicon channel waveguide

Zhang

2020

Phys. Rev. Research

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The spin and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of optical fields in a silicon channel waveguide are investigated. A vortex beam carrying OAM can be generated by a superposition of two quasi-TE modes. The longitudinal OAM of the superposed vortex beam is intrinsic and mediated by the superposition coefficient. Due to high transverse confinement of the silicon waveguide, the polarization and OAM are inevitably coupled. Their hybridization degree is well described by joint average transverse wave vectors. Further, the OAM part can be separated using the topological Pancharatnam charge and Stokes parameters. Combining polarization and OAM indices, we find that the whole space of structure parameters of the waveguide can be divided into three regimes. Our result offers insight into the relationship between angular momentum and mode confinement, which is beneficial for potential applications of vector beams in photonic integrated circuits.

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Observation of Interaction of Spin and Intrinsic Orbital Angular Momentum of Light

Cited by 61 publications

References 31 publications

Propagation stability in optical fibers: role of path memory and angular momentum

Propagation stability in optical fibers: role of path memory and angular momentum

Efficient Optical Angular Momentum Manipulation for Compact Multiplexing and Demultiplexing Using a Dielectric Metasurface

Angular momentum of optical modes in a silicon channel waveguide

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