Observation of NO3 radicals over Shanghai, China

Wang, Shanshan; Cs, Shi; Zhou, Bin; Zhao, Huijing; Wang, Zhuoru; Yang, Shuang; Chen, Limin

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.01.022

Cited by 54 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This model has been successfully utilized in NPF analysis -for instance, reproducing OH radical and gaseous sulfuric acid levels (Petäjä et al, 2009), validating various plausible nucleation mechanisms and particle growth (Boy et al, 2007;S. Wang et al, 2013), and identifying important factors influencing NPF occurrence (Boy et al, 2006Ortega et al, 2012).…”

Section: Model Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling studies of HOMs and their contributions to new particle formation and growth: comparison of boreal forest in Finland and a polluted environment in China

Ding

Roldin

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Highly oxygenated multifunctional compounds (HOMs) play a key role in new particle formation (NPF), but their quantitative roles in different environments of the globe have not been well studied yet. Frequent NPF events were observed at two "flagship" stations under different environmental conditions, i.e. a remote boreal forest site (SMEAR II) in Finland and a suburban site (SORPES) in polluted eastern China. The averaged formation rate of 6 nm particles and the growth rate of 6-30 nm particles were 0.3 cm −3 s −1 and 4.5 nm h −1 at SMEAR II compared to 2.3 cm −3 s −1 and 8.7 nm h −1 at SORPES, respectively. To explore the differences of NPF at the two stations, the HOM concentrations and NPF events at two sites were simulated with the MALTE-BOX model, and their roles in NPF and particle growth in the two distinctly different environments are discussed. The model provides an acceptable agreement between the simulated and measured concentrations of sulfuric acid and HOMs at SMEAR II. The sulfuric acid and HOM organonitrate concentrations are significantly higher but other HOM monomers and dimers from monoterpene oxidation are lower at SORPES compared to SMEAR II. The model simulates the NPF events at SMEAR II with a good agreement but underestimates the growth of new particles at SORPES, indicating a dominant role of anthropogenic processes in the polluted environment. HOMs from monoterpene oxidation dominate the growth of ultrafine particles at SMEAR II while sulfuric acid and HOMs from aromatics oxidation play a more important role in particle growth. This study highlights the distinct roles of sulfuric acid and HOMs in NPF and particle growth in different environmental conditions and suggests the need for molecular-scale measurements in improving the understanding of NPF mechanisms in polluted areas like eastern China.

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Section: Model Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling studies of HOMs and their contributions to new particle formation and growth: comparison of boreal forest in Finland and a polluted environment in China

Ding

Roldin

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Brown et al, 2006;Crowley et al, 2010;Benton et al, 2010), with only a few conducted in Hong Kong, Shanghai, and the North China Plain (Wang et al, , 2013Tham et al, 2016). From satellite observations, it was found that the USA, Europe, and China are the three major high-NO x regions worldwide (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a portable cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer for the measurement of ambient NO3 and N2O5: experimental setup, lab characterizations, and field applications in a polluted urban environment

Wang

Chen

2017

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. A small and portable incoherent broadband cavityenhanced absorption spectrometer (IBBCEAS) for NO 3 and N 2 O 5 measurement has been developed. The instrument features a mechanically aligned non-adjustable optical mounting system, and the novel design of the optical mounting system enables a fast setup and stable operation in field applications. To remove the influence of the strong nonlinear absorption by water vapour, a dynamic reference spectrum through NO titration is used for the spectrum analysis. The wall loss effects of the sample system were extensively studied, and the total transmission efficiencies were determined to be 85 and 55 % for N 2 O 5 and NO 3 , respectively, for our experimental setup. The limit of detection (LOD) was estimated to be 2.4 pptv (1σ ) and 2.7 pptv (1σ ) at 1 s intervals for NO 3 and N 2 O 5 , respectively. The associated uncertainty of the field measurement was estimated to be 19 % for NO 3 and 22-36 % for N 2 O 5 measurements from the uncertainties of transmission efficiency, absorption cross section, effective cavity length, and mirror reflectivity. The instrument was successfully deployed in two comprehensive field campaigns conducted in the winter and summer of 2016 in Beijing. Up to 1.0 ppb NO 3 +N 2 O 5 was observed with the presence of high aerosol loadings, which indicates an active night-time chemistry in Beijing.

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“…3-25 × 10 8 molecules cm -3 ) (Lu et al, 2012). Additionally, the simulated NO3 radical maxima (C2w: 1.0 × 10 8 molecules cm -3 , C2wo: 1.5 × 10 8 molecules cm -3 ) are much lower than those observed at the urban site of Shanghai, China (2.5 × 10 9 molecules cm -3 ) (Wang et al, 2013a). These comparisons suggest that the predicted model data represented a sub-urban oxidant budget along the trajectory above the boundary layer to Mt.…”

Section: Key Radical Oxidantsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Multiphase MCM/CAPRAMmodeling of formation and processing of secondary aerosol constituents observed at the Mt. Tai summer campaign 2014

Zhu¹,

Tilgner²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Despite the high abundance of secondary aerosols in the atmosphere, their formation mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, MCM/CAPRAM mechanism is used to investigate the multiphase formation and processing of secondary aerosol constituents during the advection of air masses towards the measurement site of Mt. Tai in North China. Trajectories with and without chemical cloud interaction are modeled. Modeled radical and non-radical concentrations demonstrate that the summit of Mt. Tai, with an altitude of ∼1.5 km a.m.s.l., is characterized by a sub-urban oxidants budget. The modeled maximum gas-phase concentrations of OH radical are 3.2 × 106 molecules cm−3 and 3.5 × 106 molecules cm−3 in simulations with and without cloud passages in the air parcel, respectively. Different to previous studies at Mt. Tai, this study has modeled chemical formation processes of secondary aerosol constituents under day vs. night and cloud vs. non-cloud cases along the trajectories to Mt. Tai in detail. The model studies show that sulfate is mainly produced in simulations where the air parcel is influenced by cloud chemistry. Under the simulated conditions, the aqueous reaction of HSO3− with H2O2 is the major contributor to sulfate formation, contributing 67 % and 60 % in the simulations with cloud and non-cloud passages, respectively. The modeled nitrate formation is higher at nighttime than at daytime. The major pathway is aqueous-phase N2O5 hydrolysis, with a contribution of 72 % when cloud passages are considered and 70 % when not. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) compounds, e.g. glyoxylic, oxalic, pyruvic and malonic acid, are found to be mostly produced from the aqueous oxidations of hydrated glyoxal, hydrated glyoxylic acid, nitro 2-oxopropanoate and hydrated 3-oxopropanoic acid, respectively. Sensitivity studies reveal that gaseous VOC emissions have a huge impact on the concentrations of modeled secondary aerosol compounds. Increasing the VOC emissions by a factor of two leads to linearly increased concentrations of the corresponding SOA compounds. Studies using the relative incremental reactivity (RIR) method have identified isoprene, 1,3-butadiene and toluene as the key precursors for glyoxylic and oxalic acid, but only isoprene is found to be a key precursor for pyruvic acid. Additionally, the model investigations demonstrate that an increased aerosol partitioning of glyoxal can play an important role in the aqueous-phase formation of glyoxylic and oxalic acid. Overall, the present study is the first that provides more detailed insights in the formation pathways of secondary aerosol constituents at Mt. Tai and clearly emphasizes the importance of aqueous-phase chemical processes on the production of multifunctional carboxylic acids.

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Observation of NO3 radicals over Shanghai, China

Cited by 54 publications

References 30 publications

Modelling studies of HOMs and their contributions to new particle formation and growth: comparison of boreal forest in Finland and a polluted environment in China

Modelling studies of HOMs and their contributions to new particle formation and growth: comparison of boreal forest in Finland and a polluted environment in China

Development of a portable cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer for the measurement of ambient NO<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>: experimental setup, lab characterizations, and field applications in a polluted urban environment

Multiphase MCM/CAPRAMmodeling of formation and processing of secondary aerosol constituents observed at the Mt. Tai summer campaign 2014

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Observation of NO3 radicals over Shanghai, China

Cited by 54 publications

References 30 publications

Modelling studies of HOMs and their contributions to new particle formation and growth: comparison of boreal forest in Finland and a polluted environment in China

Modelling studies of HOMs and their contributions to new particle formation and growth: comparison of boreal forest in Finland and a polluted environment in China

Development of a portable cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer for the measurement of ambient NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;: experimental setup, lab characterizations, and field applications in a polluted urban environment

Multiphase MCM/CAPRAMmodeling of formation and processing of secondary aerosol constituents observed at the Mt. Tai summer campaign 2014

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Development of a portable cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer for the measurement of ambient NO<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>: experimental setup, lab characterizations, and field applications in a polluted urban environment