Observation of nonlinear dynamics in an optical levitation system

Ma, Jixuan; Qin, J.; Campbell, Geoff; Guccione, Giovanni; Lecamwasam, Ruvi; Buchler, Ben C.; Lam, Ping Koy

doi:10.1038/s42005-020-00467-2

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This can be crucial in the evaluation as well as in the control of the photothermal response of any cavity-based systems and can be applied to build optical filters with tunable critical cut-off frequency. Awareness of this optical correction is also important when exploring the complex dynamics of a hybrid system, such as optomechanical cavities strongly coupled to photothermal effects [29,41,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical back-action on the photothermal relaxation rate

Ma¹,

Guccione²,

Lecamwasam³

et al. 2021

Optica

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Photothermal effects can alter the response of an optical cavity, for example, by inducing self-locking behavior or unstable anomalies. The consequences of these effects are often regarded as parasitic and generally cause limited operational performance of the cavity. Despite their importance, however, photothermal parameters are usually hard to characterize precisely. In this work we use an optical cavity strongly coupled to photothermal effects to experimentally observe an optical back-action on the photothermal relaxation rate. This effect, reminiscent of the radiation-pressure-induced optical spring effect in cavity optomechanical systems, uses optical detuning as a fine control to change the photothermal relaxation process. The photothermal relaxation rate of the system can be accordingly modified by more than an order of magnitude. This approach offers an opportunity to obtain precise in-situ estimations of the parameters of the cavity, in a way that is compatible with a wide range of optical resonator platforms. Through this back-action effect we are able to determine the natural photothermal relaxation rate and the effective thermal conductivity of the cavity mirrors with unprecedented resolution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical back-action on the photothermal relaxation rate

Ma¹,

Guccione²,

Lecamwasam³

et al. 2021

Optica

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“…In this model, the direction of change is determined by the sign of the interaction. The full behaviour of the combined system is characterized by the following equations of motion in the rotating frame of the cavity resonant frequency [24]:…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This driving can combine with parasitic mechanical modes and lead to parametric instabilities that inevitably affect the performance of the instrument [21]. This limitation has been observed to be dominant in micromechanical systems [22] as well as high-power systems, including levitated sensor detectors (LSD) [23] and optical levitation configurations [24] . In these systems, the photothermal effects become a source of noise and instability [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This platform uses the intra-cavity radiation pressure force to push a milligram-scale mirror against gravity, while taking advantage of the optical spring effect to fully confine the mirror in the three spatial dimensions, in principle free of attachments to any supporting mechanical structures. The high-power requirement for levitation of this relatively large target generates instabilities due to concurring photothermal effects [24]. We achieve cancellation of these instabilities by inserting an optical window within the cavity, thereby modifying the effective photothermal coefficient of the combined system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cancellation of photothermally induced instability in an optical resonator

Qin¹,

Guccione²,

et al. 2022

Optica

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Optical systems are often subject to parametric instability caused by the delayed response of the optical field to the system dynamics. In some cases, parasitic photothermal effects aggravate the instability by adding new interaction dynamics. This may lead to the possible insurgence or amplification of parametric gain that can further destabilize the system. In this paper, we show that the photothermal properties of an optomechanical cavity can be modified to mitigate or even completely cancel optomechanical instability. By inverting the sign of the photothermal interaction to let it cooperate with radiation pressure, we achieve control of the system dynamics to be fully balanced around a stable equilibrium point. Our study provides a feedback solution for optical control and precise metrological applications, specifically in high-sensitivity resonating systems that are particularly susceptible to parasitic photothermal effects, such as our test case of a macroscopic optical levitation setup. This passive stabilization technique is beneficial for improving system performance limited by photothermal dynamics in broad areas of optics, optomechanics, photonics, and laser technologies.

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“…This uniqueness arises from the possibility to combine manipulation of the optical trapping potential by a spatial light modulator, inducing new unexplored nonlinearities, and fast optical measurement to verify rapid transient effects using modern optical detectors. At low pressure, it allows direct observation of stochastic underdamped mechanical phenomena 1 – 7 , which allow access to the instantaneous particle speed not measurable in the overdamped motion 8 , 9 . In the transient ballistic regime, the surrounding environment does not modify the statistics of the instantaneous velocity 8 , 10 , 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty-induced instantaneous speed and acceleration of a levitated particle

Ornigotti

Filip

2021

Sci Rep

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Levitating nanoparticles trapped in optical potentials at low pressure open the experimental investigation of nonlinear ballistic phenomena. With engineered non-linear potentials and fast optical detection, the observation of autonomous transient mechanical effects, such as instantaneous speed and acceleration stimulated purely by initial position uncertainty, are now achievable. By using parameters of current low pressure experiments, we simulate and analyse such uncertainty-induced particle ballistics in a cubic optical potential demonstrating their evolution, faster than their standard deviations, justifying the feasibility of the experimental verification. We predict, the maxima of instantaneous speed and acceleration distributions shift alongside the potential force, while the maximum of position distribution moves opposite to it. We report that cryogenic cooling is not necessary in order to observe the transient effects, while a low uncertainty in initial particle speed is required, via cooling or post-selection, to not mask the effects. These results stimulate the discussion for both attractive stochastic thermodynamics, and extension of recently explored quantum regime.

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Observation of nonlinear dynamics in an optical levitation system

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Optical back-action on the photothermal relaxation rate

Optical back-action on the photothermal relaxation rate

Cancellation of photothermally induced instability in an optical resonator

Uncertainty-induced instantaneous speed and acceleration of a levitated particle

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