Observation of quasi-phase matched four-wave mixing assisted by periodic power variation in a long-distance optical amplifier chain

Kikuchi, K.; Lorattanasane, C.; Futami, Fumio; Kaneko, Sae

doi:10.1109/68.473504

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…19 These variations in width also resulted in varying linear phase mismatch as required for PMS. However, the waveguide employed by Driscoll et al was not designed based on the QPM scheme of PMS described above, but based on a formula that models periodic variations of the FWM strength as a nonlinearitygrating that introduce an additional phase-mismatch term: 17,18 …”

Section: Concept Of Phase-mismatch Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13][14] Second, QPM based on modulated nonlinearities relies on modulating the strength of the FWM nonlinearities and realizes an efficiency enhancement by lowering the strength of the FWM interactions when the idler experiences loss, 15,16 or by introducing a nonlinearity-grating that induces an additional phase-mismatch term. [17][18][19] However, all these techniques require light-guiding media with specific characteristics. For instance, phasematching and QPM based on dispersion compensation require operation respectively near and around a zero phase-mismatch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient four-wave mixing by phase-mismatch switching

2014

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Nonlinear four-wave-mixing (FWM) interactions enable a wide variety of photonic functionalities, including wavelength conversion, all-optical switching, signal regeneration, and generation of entangled photons. To achieve efficient FWM interactions the waves either have to be phase-matched, or a quasi-phase-matching (QPM) scheme has to be realized. However, these techniques conventionally require light-guiding media with specific characteristics. We propose a more general QPM scheme for enabling efficient FWM interactions in the presence of a large phase-mismatch. The scheme is based on increasing the distance over which there is FWM gain, while simultaneously decreasing the distance over which there is FWM loss. This is achieved by adiabatically alternating between two phase-mismatch values along the propagation path. We discuss in detail how such phase-mismatch switching (PMS) can be employed to achieve QPM of a FWM process, what the requirements are for optimal FWM efficiency, and how the scheme is impacted by nonlinear dispersion as well as optical losses. Additionally, we describe how QPM by PMS can be implemented with a silicon-on-insulator strip waveguide of which the width is adiabatically varied between two values along the propagation path. By means of numerical simulations, we show that such a waveguide can enhance the wavelength conversion by 20 dB after 1 cm compared to a corresponding constant-width waveguide. For a pump wavelength of 1550 nm, PMS enables efficient conversion (> −21 dB) around a target signal wavelength situated anywhere in the entire near-infrared wavelength domain of 1300-1900 nm.

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Section: Concept Of Phase-mismatch Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient four-wave mixing by phase-mismatch switching

2014

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“…Such systems, providing the replacement of mm-or cm-long phase-matched devices by layered structures of only few micrometers in length, are promising for Raman-type lasers and frequency up-and down-conversion schemes. Moreover, the power-dependent effects in periodic structures, such as the modulational instabilities in optical fibers with periodical variations of nonlinearity or dispersion [154], are in the focus of studies of stability of long distance transmission system, influenced by amplifiers or dispersion management. Unlike this periodic modulation, the self-action of waves in media with nonperiodic (linear and exponential) continuous modulation of refractive index in the direction of wave propagation was examined in [155].…”

Section: Conversion Of Waves In Subwavelength Dielectric Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optics of subwavelength gradient nanofilms

2007

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“…Nevertheless, chains of optical amplifiers causes periodic insertion of spontaneous emission noise (ASE noise) and its accumulation trough the link [3]- [7]. To guarantee a good SNR in such a systems, the signal power level is increased, but as high is the power launched into a fibre, higher are the non-linear effects in the signal propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This interaction can be generated by the association of selfphase modulation (SPM) and group-velocity dispersion (GVD), when is called modulational instability (MI) [3]- [5], and by power intensity modulation due to periodic amplification, when is called side-band instability [3][6] [7]. This paper observes the behaviour of MI and its influence in important design parameters of optical fibre-based communication systems, more specifically, signal power level, GVD and dispersion compensation methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulational instability in multiamplified optical systems with dispersion compensation

Almeida

Freitas²,

Ribeiro³

et al.

1999 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference

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The advent of optical amplifiers made possible repeaterless optical fibre links with thousands of kilometres. An important limiting factor to achieve such a distances is the interaction between ASE noise, generated by optical amplification, and the co-propagating signal, consisting in the phenomena of modulational instability and side-band instability. This paper describes briefly the modelling of these phenomena and, through numerical simulations, verifies the influence of modulational instability in the choice of parameters such as power level, fibre group-velocity dispersion and dispersion compensation methods, allowing conclusions with direct application to the design of optical communication systems.Keyword --modulational instability, side-band instability, spontaneous emission noise, optical amplifiers, dispersion compensation.

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Observation of quasi-phase matched four-wave mixing assisted by periodic power variation in a long-distance optical amplifier chain

Cited by 27 publications

References 5 publications

Efficient four-wave mixing by phase-mismatch switching

Efficient four-wave mixing by phase-mismatch switching

Optics of subwavelength gradient nanofilms

Modulational instability in multiamplified optical systems with dispersion compensation

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