Observations and Numerical Simulation of the Effects of the 21 August 2017 North American Total Solar Eclipse on Surface Conditions and Atmospheric Boundary-Layer Evolution

Buban, Michael; Lee, Temple R.; Dumas, Edward J.; Baker, C. Bruce; Heuer, Mark

doi:10.1007/s10546-018-00421-4

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Furthermore, their relatively small launch/land footprint makes them suitable for use in remote locations without the need for runways [7]. As a result, their use for a variety of profiling applications such as the measurement of Temperature–Humidity (TH) data [8,9], wind-estimation [10,11,12,13], air quality measurements [14,15], etc. has increased significantly in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Evaluation of Sensor Housing for Boundary Layer Profiling Using Multirotors

Islam

Houston

Singh

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Traditional configurations for mounting Temperature–Humidity (TH) sensors on multirotor Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) often suffer from insufficient radiation shielding, exposure to mixed and turbulent air from propellers, and inconsistent aspiration while situated in the wake of the UAS. Descent profiles using traditional methods are unreliable (when compared to an ascent profile) due to the turbulent mixing of air by the UAS while descending into that flow field. Consequently, atmospheric boundary layer profiles that rely on such configurations are bias-prone and unreliable in certain flight patterns (such as descent). This article describes and evaluates a novel sensor housing designed to shield airborne sensors from artificial heat sources and artificial wet-bulbing while pulling air from outside the rotor wash influence. The housing is mounted above the propellers to exploit the rotor-induced pressure deficits that passively induce a high-speed laminar airflow to aspirate the sensor consistently. Our design is modular, accommodates a variety of other sensors, and would be compatible with a wide range of commercially available multirotors. Extensive flight tests conducted at altitudes up to 500 m Above Ground Level (AGL) show that the housing facilitates reliable measurements of the boundary layer phenomena and is invariant in orientation to the ambient wind, even at high vertical/horizontal speeds (up to 5 m/s) for the UAS. A low standard deviation of errors shows a good agreement between the ascent and descent profiles and proves our unique design is reliable for various UAS missions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Evaluation of Sensor Housing for Boundary Layer Profiling Using Multirotors

Islam

Houston

Singh

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…On the underside of the DJI S-1000, we used a FLIR Tau 2 infrared (IR) camera (FLIR Systems Inc., Wilsonville, OR, USA), which has a 7.5-mm lens, 90° × 69° view angle, and 336 × 256 pixel resolution [21,24,25] (Figure 1c). Surface temperature measurements from the IR camera were used, in conjunction with flux measurements derived from tower-mounted eddy covariance systems, to estimate the spatial variability in sensible heat flux following the technique developed in [21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Use of Rotary-Wing Aircraft to Sample Near-Surface Thermodynamic Fields: Results from Recent Field Campaigns

Lee

Buban

Dumas

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Rotary-wing small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) are increasingly being used for sampling thermodynamic and chemical properties of the Earth’s atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) because of their ability to measure at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Therefore, they have the potential to be used for long-term quasi-continuous monitoring of the ABL, which is critical for improving ABL parameterizations and improving numerical weather prediction (NWP) models through data assimilation. Before rotary-wing aircraft can be used for these purposes, however, their performance and the sensors used therein must be adequately characterized. In the present study, we describe recent calibration and validation procedures for thermodynamic sensors used on two rotary-wing aircraft: A DJI S-1000 and MD4-1000. These evaluations indicated a high level of confidence in the on-board measurements. We then used these measurements to characterize the spatiotemporal variability of near-surface (up to 300-m AGL) temperature and moisture fields as a component of two recent field campaigns: The Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment in the Southeast U.S. (VORTEX-SE) in Alabama, and the Land Atmosphere Feedback Experiment (LAFE) in northern Oklahoma.

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“…The minimum ambient temperature during the eclipse (30.56℃) exhibited a lag effect in response to changes in solar radiation levels, a phenomenon typical of eclipse events (Good, 2016;Turner et al, 2018) and particularly of this eclipse event (Buban et al, 2019).…”

Section: Change In Thermal Conditions During the Eclipsementioning

confidence: 99%

Woody encroachment of grasslands: Near‐surface thermal implications assessed through the lens of an astronomical event

Tanner

Fuhlendorf

Polo

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Observations and Numerical Simulation of the Effects of the 21 August 2017 North American Total Solar Eclipse on Surface Conditions and Atmospheric Boundary-Layer Evolution

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Design and Evaluation of Sensor Housing for Boundary Layer Profiling Using Multirotors

Design and Evaluation of Sensor Housing for Boundary Layer Profiling Using Multirotors

On the Use of Rotary-Wing Aircraft to Sample Near-Surface Thermodynamic Fields: Results from Recent Field Campaigns

Woody encroachment of grasslands: Near‐surface thermal implications assessed through the lens of an astronomical event

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