Observations on the Functional Homogeneity of the Nephron Population in the Chronically Diseased Kidney of the Dog*

Ns, Bricker; Orłowski, T; Sw, Kime; Pa, Morrin

doi:10.1172/jci104201

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The experiments were performed on animals with one diseased and one normal kidney. The mean glucose titration curve for the diseased kidneys exhibited minimal splay, and there was no significant difference between the titration curves for diseased and contralateral control organs (4). We interpreted these data to indicate that the pathologic alterations produced by three different types of experimental renal parenchymal disease had not changed the homogeneity of glomerulotubular balance with respect to glucose.…”

Section: On the Mechanism Of Splay In The Glucose Titration Curvementioning

confidence: 74%

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On the Mechanism of the Splay in the Glucose Titration Curve in Advanced Experimental Renal Disease in the Rat*

Shankel¹,

Robson²,

Bricker³

1967

J. Clin. Invest.

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Summary. Glucose titration studies were performed in rats with unilateral chronic pyelonephritis before and after removal of the contralateral control kidneys. Identical studies were performed in animals with unilateral partial renal infarction in which the experimental kidneys had a marked reduction in nephron population but no anatomic deformation in the surviving nephrons. In the initial studies, both groups of animals were free of clinical and chemical abnormalities of uremia. In the follow-up studies uremic abnormalities were present. Minimal splay was observed in the titration curves in the initial studies; marked splay was present in the group data from the same kidneys in the subsequent studies. Thus a marked reduction in the nephron population was associated with the evolution of splay in both groups of animals. In association with the increase in splay, the mean values for maximal glucose transport increased; thus a defect in glucose transport can be excluded as the basis of the splay. Glomerular filtration rate increased proportionately more than the maximal transport of glucose; hence the ratios of glomerular filtration rate to maximal glucose transport increased consistently. The possibility of asymmetric hypertrophy of glomerular and tubular functions among the nephron population imposed by scar tissue or other anatomic deformities was considered, but the results in the animals with partially infarcted kidneys militate against this explanation. The splay also could reflect an asymmetric alteration in the distribution of glomerulotubular balance among the residual units initiated by functional adaptations. Finally, the splay could relate to an alteration in the kinetics of glucose transport without any change in the level of functional homogeneity. The possible nature of these has been considered in the text.

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Section: On the Mechanism Of Splay In The Glucose Titration Curvementioning

confidence: 74%

“…In previous studies from this laboratory, the glucose titration technique was applied to the analysis of functional homogeneity of the diseased kidney of the dog (4). The experiments were performed on animals with one diseased and one normal kidney.…”

Section: On the Mechanism Of Splay In The Glucose Titration Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

On the Mechanism of the Splay in the Glucose Titration Curve in Advanced Experimental Renal Disease in the Rat*

Shankel¹,

Robson²,

Bricker³

1967

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Another previous study (18) has shown that the kidney is capable of adjusting the fractional excretion of water and electrolytes inversely to reductions in glomerular filtration rate so that homeostasis is maintained until severe renal insufficiency occurs. The results of the present study suggest that marked alterations in the filtered load of water and solutes to the remaining nephrons occur following loss of renal mass and that changes in renal hemodynamics play an important role in compensatory adaptation.…”

Section: Comparison Of Simultaneous Measurements Of Mean Nephron Glommentioning

confidence: 98%

Functional and hemodynamic adaptation to progressive renal ablation.

Kaufman¹,

Siegel²,

Hayslett³

1975

Circulation Research

129

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Removal of renal tissue stimulates functional and anatomical adaptation in the remaining renal parenchyma. Since recent studies have demonstrated no apparent limitation in compensatory growth following progressive surgical ablation, experiments were performed to determine the changes in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow. After removal of 50% of the renal mass mean nephron glomerular filtration rate increased 60%, and after ablation of 75% of the renal tissue it increased 150%. These changes paralleled the increases in renal growth under the same conditions. In comparison, mean glomerular blood flow rose 90% and 240% after 50% and 75% nephrectomy, respectively; these changes in relation to the changes in glomerular filtration rate resulted in a progressive fall in the filtration fraction. Intrarenal blood flow distribution was examined with labeled microspheres. The marked increase in renal blood flow after surgical ablation was characterized by a disproportionate rise in blood flow to the inner cortex. The present investigation, therefore, describes the remarkable functional changes that occur as overall glomerular filtration rate declines and provides further insight into the mechanism responsible for maintaining water and electrolyte homeostasis after loss of functioning renal mass. KEY WORDSrenal blood flow compensatory adaptation rat mean nephron blood flow mean nephron glomerular filtration rate• Remarkable compensatory changes in renal mass and function occur following surgical removal of renal tissue and after damage by some disease processes. Although most studies have examined the contralateral kidney after unilateral nephrectomy, recent experiments have demonstrated that the extent of compensatory renal adaptation correlates directly with the amount of renal tissue removed (1). Although adaptive changes in renal function are responsible for maintaining water and electrolyte homeostasis (2), the factors that control and influence such changes are not well understood. Therefore, the relationship between compensatory increases in glomerular filtration rate and renal hemodynamics following progressive ablation were studied.Methods Experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River Breeding Laboratories) weigh- This work was supported by U. S. Public Health Service Grants AM0567602 and TIAM5015 from the National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service Grant HL-13647 from the National Heart and Lung Institute, the Connecticut Heart Association, and the American Heart Association.Dr. Hayslett is an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association.Received August 21, 1974. Accepted for publication November 6, 1974. 286ing 150-200 g at the beginning of the study. Three groups were prepared under ether anesthesia. Group A rats served as controls, and a sham operation was performed on their right kidneys. Group B rats underwent 50% ablation of the total renal mass by right nephrectomy. In group C, approximately 70-75% of the total renal mass was rem...

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“…Within the loops, the rate of sodium transport from tubular urine to medullary interstitium may be comparable bilaterally, 8 It is also possible to explain the differences on the basis of a greater filtration rate per unit of tubular function (e.g., an unchanged GFR with suppressed tubular function). However, the consistency of the relationships between GFR and solute excretion in the diseased kidneys (relative to the normal kidneys), as well as previous observations on the interrelationships of glomerular and tubular functions (21) would require a remarkably uniform degree of tubular suppression. Moreover, because of the identity of functional patterns in each of the three lesions studied, this would have to be independent of the histological details of the underlying disease.…”

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confidence: 90%

The Influence of Glomerular Filtration Rate, Solute Excretion and Hydration on the Concentrating Mechanism of the Experimentally Diseased Kidney in the Dog *

Ns¹,

Sw²,

Pa³

et al. 1960

J. Clin. Invest.

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Observations on the Functional Homogeneity of the Nephron Population in the Chronically Diseased Kidney of the Dog*

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

On the Mechanism of the Splay in the Glucose Titration Curve in Advanced Experimental Renal Disease in the Rat*

On the Mechanism of the Splay in the Glucose Titration Curve in Advanced Experimental Renal Disease in the Rat*

Functional and hemodynamic adaptation to progressive renal ablation.

The Influence of Glomerular Filtration Rate, Solute Excretion and Hydration on the Concentrating Mechanism of the Experimentally Diseased Kidney in the Dog *

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