Observations on the polysaccharides of aquatic snails

Abstract

This pa1)er presents a more detailed study of the sugars occui,i+ig in the polysaccliai*ides of aquatic snails, with particular c1iiipliasis 011 tliosc of tlic reproductive tract and eggs. RIATERIAI, A M ) MIETlIODSS l Z n il s T\'hole snails and isolated organs were employed as follows :1. Australorbis gltrbrntus, Venezuelan strain, laboratoryreared. TThole adult snails, isolated albumen glands, and egg clutclies of various ages ~v c r c uscd.2. Lpiizncrecc s t n g w l i s , laboratory-reared from \\'isconsin speciirieiis. K h o l e atlult siiails, freshly liatclied snails, isolatetl albumen glands, niuciparous glands, ootliccal glands, seniinal vesicles, upper and lower ljrostittcs, cntire egg clutches of vilrious ages, eggs, iiieiiil)i.aiiw, antl mucus isolated from fresh clutches were employed.3. Aplexci izifciis, 1al)oi.atory-rcai.etl from Tcxan material. Oiily isolated albunien glaiitls \\-ore usetl.4. Lei 11 isf cs li olf e n itr 11 u s , 1 a1 )orat ory-i*carcd f Toni Egypt iaii spcciiiiciis. This spcicJi<is, iii coiitixst to tlio tlirce former, is diowious. 1f;ile aiid ftii!iale si)c'cinicns n -c ' i~ tlrcrefore anialyzcvl separately. Tlic isolattbtl utc'rus, whole ~g g clntclics, and isolated eggs wc~rc also stutlictl.2. PO 117 cr c o t / z (1 I P li i , 1 a 1 )() i~t t ory-re a T e (1. The o 1-i g ii la1 spec imcns ivt~re obtaiiictl fi*oni a locill pet shop ; the actual place of origin w a s prohablp Paiiaiiia. Of this tlioccious species, entire nialc aiitl female adults wcre analyzed, as n-ell as freshly liatclietl snails, the isolated uterus of adult females, and egg clutches of various ages.6. Ofcrlcc lcrcf PCI, i m p r t e d Moroccan specimens. Only isola t ed albumen gl and s TW r c s t udicd .7. Ilelix c~sp~rscr, Yichigan specimens. Entire snails TVPI'C used. The last two species TWIT terrestrial, all others aqiiatic.

SYNTHESIS OF GLYCOPROTEINS IN A SINGLE IDENTIFIED NEURON OF APLYSIA CALIFORNICA

“…3 a) . A more extensive autoradiographic analysis has been reported by Fucose is incorporated into a variety of polysaccharides (27) and is known to be a component of mucous secretions in Aplysia and several other marine animals (28) . Pronase digestion of labeled macromolecules from R2, however, indicated that fucose was predominantly, if not entirely, incorporated into glycoproteins : less than 25% of the digest remained large enough to be excluded AMBRON ET AL .…”

Histochemistry and ultrastructure of the capsule gland duct of the prosobranch gastropodPomacea paludosa

“…The formation and composition of thc egg capsule in numerous pulmonates (Lymnaea stagnalis, McMahon et al, 1957; Succineu putris, George and Jura, 1958; Ariophata ligulara, Rangarao, 1963; A g r i o l i m reticulurw, Bayne, 1966Bayne, , 1967; Biomphalaria glabrara, Jong-Brink, 1969; Bulinus fruncatus, Jong-Brink et al, 1979) has bcen studicd. The fluid components from the albumen gland include galactogen (McMahon el al., 1957;Rangarao, 1963;Bayne, 1967;Jong-Brink et al, 1979), mucopolysaccharides from the sperm-oviduct (Rangarao, 1963) or muciparous gland (Jong-Brink, 1969;Jong-Brink et al, 1979) and protein with plysaccharides and glycogcn (George and Jura, 1958;Bayne, 1966).…”

Blood Group 0(H)-Like Activity in Extracts from some Invertebrates

“…The H-like components from P. pa ludosa eggs, L. littorea, T. rivulorum and L. terrestris are being isolated and it will be interesting to examine and compare the constituent sugars in each of these preparations with the sugars present in the various snail galactogens. The galactogen from L. stagnalis has already been studied and is known to differ from H. pomatia galactogen in that it contains L-fucose instead of L-galactose [26]. The isolation of the various H-like components will also permit quantitative studies to be carried out and thus help in the identifica tion of the structures involved in the reactions with the different anti-H reagents.…”

“…Water snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) galactogen was prepared according to methods already described [20,26],…”