Obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions in a population-based, cross-sectional sample of school-aged children

Alvarenga, Pedro Gomes de; Cesar, R.; Leckman, James F.; Moriyama, Tais; Torres, Albina Rodrigues; Bloch, Michael H.; Coughlin, Catherine G.; Hoexter, Marcelo Q.; Manfro, Gisele Gus; Polanczyk, Guilherme; Miguel, Eurí­pedes Constantino; Rosario, Maria Conceição do

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.01.018

Cited by 51 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Two large community sample studies have shown that OCS in youths are prevalent Fullana et al, 2009) and are phenotypically heterogeneous (Alvarenga et al, 2016;Leckman, Bloch, & King, 2009 (Alvarenga et al, 2015;Barzilay, Patrick, et al, 2019;Bloch, Landeros-Weisenberger, Rosario, Pittenger, & Leckman, 2008;Fullana et al, 2009). We have recently shown in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopment Cohort (PNC), a large sample of community youth with substantial trauma exposure , that OCS are common (~40%) and can be stratified to symptom dimensions, with Bad Intrusive Thoughts showing particularly robust associations with serious clinical conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between early‐life trauma and obsessive compulsive symptoms in community youth

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in youth are common, have heterogeneous manifestations, and have been shown to be associated with serious psychopathology. While early-life trauma exposure is associated with increased risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), its association with different OCS and its clinical relevance for serious psychopathology is unclear. Here we aimed to evaluate associations among traumatic stressful events (TSE), OCS, and serious psychiatric conditions in community youth. Methods:We studied nonmental-help seeking youths from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (N = 7054, aged 11-21, 54% females, 52% prepubertal), assessed for lifetime TSE exposure and OCS. Regression models investigated crosssectional associations of TSEs with OCS, and associations with depression, suicide ideation and psychosis. Models examined sex and puberty effects, controlling for age and socioeconomic status.Results: Trauma exposure was associated with higher OCS rates, especially in females (Trauma × Sex interaction Wald = 7.93, p = 0.005) and prepuberty (Trauma × Puberty interaction Wald = 7.68, p = 0.006). TSEs were associated with all OCS manifestations, most prominently with bad intrusive thoughts (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63). Assaultive TSEs, especially sexual assault, showed stronger associations with OCS compared with nonassaultive TSEs. While TSEs and OCS were independently associated with depression, suicide ideation, and psychosis, a significant interaction was observed only in association with increased rates of psychosis (Trauma × OCS interaction Wald = 5.08, p = 0.024). Conclusion:Early-life trauma is associated with OCS in a dose-response manner, more so in females and prepuberty. The trauma-OCS association varied by load, type of trauma, and by OCS subtypes. Trauma-OCS appears a detrimental combination in association with psychosis. K E Y W O R D S child/adolescent, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, stress, suicide, trauma Depress Anxiety. 2019;36:586-595. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/da 586 |

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between early‐life trauma and obsessive compulsive symptoms in community youth

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In our longitudinal assessment of a normative and representative sample of adolescents in Greece, the results revealed that OCS scores increased significantly between 16 and 18 years, encompassing one of the bimodal periods for onset of OCD. In another prospective study, Alvarenga et al [ 5 ] reported a gradual increase of OCS in children aged 6–12 years which accords with the lower age peak for onset. However, in their study of adolescents diagnosed with OCD, De la Cruz et al [ 1 ] found a tendency towards a negative relationship between OCD symptoms and age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The severity of OCS is suggested to be normally distributed in the general population and often constitutes a transient part of normal development (e.g., commonplace childhood rituals such as not walking on pavement lines) [ 3 , 4 ]. However, OCS over a specific threshold may result in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), which is a chronic psychiatric condition, with potentially serious repercussions [ 5 ] OCD includes either obsessions or compulsions or a combination of both. It tends to compromise the quality of life and the well-being of the individual in significant ways by causing distress and interfering with everyday functioning [ 1 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multilevel longitudinal study of obsessive compulsive symptoms in adolescence: male gender and emotional stability as protective factors

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) is suggested to be normally distributed in the general population, and they appear to have an impact on a range of aspects of adolescent development. Importantly, there are individual differences regarding susceptibility to OCS. In the present repeated measures study, OCS were studied in relation to gender and emotional stability (as a personality trait) using a normative sample of 515 adolescents at ages 16 and 18 years. OCS were assessed with the relevant subscale of the SCL-90-R and emotional stability with the Five Factor Questionnaire. A three-level hierarchical linear model was calculated to longitudinally assess the over time variations of OCS and their over time links to gender and emotional stability, while controlling for random effects due to the nesting of the data. Experiencing OCS increased with age (between 16 and 18 years). Additionally, male gender and higher emotional stability were associated with lower OCS at 16 years and these remained stable over time. Results indicate age-related and between individual differences on reported OCS that need to be considered for prevention and intervention planning.

show abstract

“…Obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder characterized by recurring, disturbing thoughts and/or repetitive behaviors carried out in response to mounting anxiety (American Psychiatric Association [APA], ). The estimated worldwide prevalence of OCD is 2%–3% (Angst et al., ; Kessler et al., ; Murphy et al., ) and 0.5%–2% in children and adolescents, although OCD is often underdiagnosed in the pediatric population (Alvarenga et al., ; Geller & March, ). The most efficacious, pharmacological treatments for OCD are medications that act on the serotonin system, collectively referred to as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), which include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), combined serotonin‐norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and clomipramine (a tricyclic compound) (Murphy, Lerner, Rudnick, & Lesch, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin system genes and obsessive‐compulsive trait dimensions in a population‐based, pediatric sample: a genetic association study

Sinopoli

Erdman

Burton

et al. 2019

Child Psychology Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Serotonin system genes are commonly studied in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but genetic studies to date have produced inconsistent results, possibly because phenotypic heterogeneity has not been adequately accounted for. In this paper, we studied candidate serotonergic genes and homogenous phenotypic subgroups as presented through obsessive-compulsive (OC) trait dimensions in a general population of children and adolescents. We hypothesized that different serotonergic gene variants are associated with different OC trait dimensions and, furthermore, that they vary by sex. Methods: Obsessive-compulsive trait dimensions (Cleaning/ Contamination, Counting/Checking, Symmetry/Ordering, Superstition, Rumination, and Hoarding) were examined in a total of 5,213 pediatric participants in the community using the Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (TOCS). We genotyped candidate serotonin genes (directly genotyping the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in SLC6A4 for 2018 individuals and using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array data for genes SLC6A4, HTR2A, and HTR1B for 4711 individuals). We assessed the association between variants across these genes and each of the OC trait dimensions, within males and females separately. We analyzed OC traits as both (a) dichotomized based on a threshold value and (b) quantitative scores. Results: The [L G + S] variant in 5-HTTLPR was significantly associated with hoarding in males (p-value of 0.003 and 0.004 for categorical and continuous analyses, respectively). There were no significant findings for 5-HTTLPR in females. Using SNP array data, there were significant findings for rumination in males for HTR2A SNPs (p-value of 1.04e-6 to 5.20e-6). Conclusions: This represents the first genetic association study of OC trait dimensions in a community-based pediatric sample. Our strongest results indicate that hoarding and rumination may be distinct in their association with serotonin gene variants and that serotonin gene variation may be specific to sex. Future genetic association studies in OCD should properly account for heterogeneity, using homogenous subgroups stratified by symptom dimension, sex, and age group. Key pointsOCD is a heterogeneous disorder with several overlapping symptom dimensions and sex differences reflected in the general population. 5-HTTLPR variant [L G+ S] is significantly associated with hoarding in pediatric males in the community. HTR2A SNPs are significantly associated with rumination in males. Obsessive-compulsive trait dimensions may have distinct underlying serotonin system genetics and the exact associated gene variation may be sex-specific.Our findings emphasize that heterogeneity in OCD should be properly accounted for using homogenous subgroups reflecting symptom dimension, sex, and age group.

show abstract

Obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions in a population-based, cross-sectional sample of school-aged children

Cited by 51 publications

References 49 publications

Association between early‐life trauma and obsessive compulsive symptoms in community youth

Association between early‐life trauma and obsessive compulsive symptoms in community youth

A multilevel longitudinal study of obsessive compulsive symptoms in adolescence: male gender and emotional stability as protective factors

Serotonin system genes and obsessive‐compulsive trait dimensions in a population‐based, pediatric sample: a genetic association study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About