Obstacle gain in radio-wave propagation over inhomogeneous earth

Furutsu, K.; Wilkerson, R.E.

doi:10.1049/piee.1970.0176

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…9(b). The first-order perturbation solution of the integral equation for this case can easily be shown to be 1161, [231 (38) where C = cos 6 and H P ) is the Hankel function of the second kind. Here E is chosen to be sufficiently large that f(x) C= 0…”

Section: Near Coastline Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent analytical investigations of electromagnetic ground wave propagation over inhomogeneous earth models

Wait

1974

Proc. IEEE

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Absrmcr-A consolidated review is presented of lecent pnalyticrl studies of electromagnetic waves propagating over inhomogeneous SITfaces. Emphasis is on smooth boundaries that can be. characterized by a local surface i mpedance. A g e n d integral equation formulation is developed for this situation. A number of specinl cases ue then considered and various methods of solution are debcn'bed Various concrete examples are presented, prrticulariy with w d to effects that occur at coastlines. Extensions to certain types of terrain features are also treated using the closely dated modematching method. Some controversial aspects of very recent work on the subject are d e s c n i briefly.

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Section: Near Coastline Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In what follows, we introduce a dimensionless quantity G(a) where a = kCx such that f(x) = ~( a ) (39) With a change of variable from x to d , (38) …”

Section: We Choosef(x) = [ Z ' ( X ) -Z] /To T O Be a Continuous Funcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent analytical investigations of electromagnetic ground wave propagation over inhomogeneous earth models

Wait

1974

Proc. IEEE

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“…For more screens the Kirchhoff-Huygens integral has to be solved numerically Manuscript which, for example, was done to develop the Walfisch-Bertoni model [8]. Based on a series representation pertaining to propagation over irregular terrain given in [9], Vogler derived an integral representation for multiple screen diffraction in case of grazing incidence [10]. Regarding computation, Vogler found a more suitable solution of this multiple integral in terms of sums over repeated integrals of the error function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GTD-Based Correction of the Epstein–Peterson Method

Beyer¹

2004

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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A correction is derived to coincide the Epstein-Peterson method with the geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) for multiple screen diffraction at an arbitrary number of screens. For double diffraction, the correction term found by this procedure is compared with that derived by an integral approach of Millington. In order to verify the method for more than two screens, the Vogler method is applied as the standard of comparison. Comprehensive numerical calculations of multiple screen diffraction at up to eight screens were carried out with both methods.Index Terms-Field strength prediction, geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD), knife edge diffraction, multiple diffraction loss.

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“…An explicit expression of the attenuation was obtained in a series of papers [Furutsu, 1957a, b-I for a radio wave propagation over a class of terrains consisting, along the wave path, of several sections of different heights and different electrical properties, with discontinuous boundaries of the sections and the possible existence of a ridge of arbitrary height at each boundary (as shown in Figure 5). Some of the results were also reviewed by Furutsu [1963a], Furutsu et al [1964], and Furutsu [1965], where some numerical illustrations and sets of graphs for practical application are also added, but a strict version of the equation formulation was not given, although one was to some extent in the original paper [Furutsu, 1957a]. Later, in the work by Wait, [1968], essentially the same problems were considered in two-dimensional space, and an equivalent result was obtained based on the Fresnel-Kirchhoff principle and also an eigenfunction expansion technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic theory of wave propagation over irregular terrain

Furutsu¹

1982

Radio Science

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An explicit expression of the attenuation for a radio wave is obtained for a class of terrains consisting, along the wave path, of several sections of different heights and different electrical properties, taking into account the earth's curvature for every section. Here the boundaries of two sections are assumed to be discontinuous, in both height and electromagnetic property, and each boundary may have a thin ridge of arbitrary height. This mathematical model well represents terrains containing ridges, bluffs, coastlines with cliffs, etc., with great varieties of combination along the wave path, and furthermore enables us to systematically obtain an explicit expression of the radio wave intensity over them. The latter expression is obtained in terms of the multiple residue series, in accordance with the number of the terrain sections involved, and, when the class of terrains is reduced to a homogeneous spherical earth, either by letting all the heights and electrical properties of the section be equal or, with one particular section fixed, by letting all the other section lengths equal zero, then the series are uniformly reduced to the well‐known Bremmer series for a homogeneous spherical earth. When the lengths of the internal sections are sufficiently large, the effects of the terminal sections (over which the transmitter and receiver are located) become isolated, and this enables us to evaluate those terminal effects, or ‘terminal gain,’ in detail, independently of those of the other internal sections, to use the terminal gain in just the same way as the ordinary antenna height gain function has been used for the ground wave propagation over a homogeneous spherical earth.

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Obstacle gain in radio-wave propagation over inhomogeneous earth

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Recent analytical investigations of electromagnetic ground wave propagation over inhomogeneous earth models

Recent analytical investigations of electromagnetic ground wave propagation over inhomogeneous earth models

A GTD-Based Correction of the Epstein–Peterson Method

A systematic theory of wave propagation over irregular terrain

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