2022
DOI: 10.1080/09500693.2022.2035466
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Obstacles and challenges identified by practitioners of non-formal science learning activities in Europe

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Cited by 7 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…• Teachers may not have access to the necessary resources and support to engage in collaborative activities and reflective practice, such as technology, funding, and release time from teaching duties. • Certain teachers may exhibit reluctance toward altering their pedagogical approaches, particularly if they possess extensive teaching experience or lack familiarity with spatial reasoning principles (Christidou et al, 2022). • Teachers may not have had the opportunity to engage in professional development activities centered on spatial reasoning or to acquire effective teaching strategies in this area (Gagnier et al, 2022).…”
Section: Pedagogical Content Knowledge Barriersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…• Teachers may not have access to the necessary resources and support to engage in collaborative activities and reflective practice, such as technology, funding, and release time from teaching duties. • Certain teachers may exhibit reluctance toward altering their pedagogical approaches, particularly if they possess extensive teaching experience or lack familiarity with spatial reasoning principles (Christidou et al, 2022). • Teachers may not have had the opportunity to engage in professional development activities centered on spatial reasoning or to acquire effective teaching strategies in this area (Gagnier et al, 2022).…”
Section: Pedagogical Content Knowledge Barriersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In particular, social media can be used for informal science learning (Lundgren et al, 2022). Obstacles & challenges also need to be identified (Christidou et al, 2022) Forms of implementing science learning: formal, informal, & non-formal 3 Integrated urgency (Suraiya et al, 2020) & science learning spaces need to reduce social/gender inequality (Dawson et al, 2020), social positioning (Brookes et al, 2021), ethnopedagogy (Rahmawati et al, 2020), environmentally-based (Nusantari et al, 2020), climate change awareness (Jeong et al, 2021), indigenous science (Zidny et al, 2021), socio-scientific issues-based (Nida, Mustikasari, et al, 2021), life-based experiential learning (Acharya et al, 2022), religion & culture on student attitudes (Kurniawan et al, 2022) (Kim, 2020), spatial abilities (Chen et al, 2020), student engagement (Bae & Lai, 2020;Lee et al, 2021;Pierson et al, 2021), students' situational engagement (Inkinen et al, 2020), & productive disciplinary engagement (Koretsky et al, 2021;Membiela et al, 2022).…”
Section: Perspectives Of Science Learningmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several examples of science implementations informally and non-formally during pandemic are by using 'bush kinder' approach (Campbell & Speldewinde, 2020), follow the leader technique (Roberts, 2021), and teacher talk (Studhalter et al, 2021). However, science practitioners need to look at aspects of disruptive moments (Barton et al, 2021) and Obstacles and challenges are required to be identified (Christidou et al, 2022) in which it may occur in daily practices. Particularly, it has become a necessity at this time; social media can be used as informal science learning (Lundgren et al, 2022).…”
Section: Transformation Form Of Science Learningmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Christidou et al (2022), consider that teachers to carry out non-formal activities aimed at learning science would be indicated to have skills "regarding (i) the teaching of content, particularly for science teaching which requires deep understanding of the concepts, as well as knowledge of the didactics of science(Hira et al, 2014), (ii) the group facilitation and interactions, (iii) the development of a community culture, and (iv) the participants' engagement and motivation".In designing and carrying out non-formal activities, teachers may encounter certain difficulties, as highlighted byChristidou et al (2022), considering the opinion of 22 teachers involved in various science learning activities in different non-formal settings. The non-formal science learning practitioners covered in the research came from seven European countries: Finland, Greece, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain and the UK.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%