Occupational and Take-home Lead Exposure Among Lead Oxide Manufacturing Employees, North Carolina, 2016

Rinsky, Jessica L.; Higgins, Sheila; Angelon-Gaetz, Kim; Hogan, D.J.; Lauffer, Pierre; Davies, Megan; Fleischauer, Aaron; Musolin, Kristin; Gibbins, John D.; MacFarquhar, Jennifer; Moore, Zack

doi:10.1177/0033354918795442

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Similar to our results, previous studies on lead monitoring in occupationally exposed workers reported BLLs between four to seven times higher than in controls (not occupationally exposed) and higher BLLs in men than women ( Kasuba et al, 2020 ; Shraideh et al, 2018 ). Another study on occupational lead exposure noted that 71% of employes at a lead oxide manufacturing presented BLLs >30 μg/dl ( Rinsky et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Levels in a Potters Population and Its Association With the Use of Different Glazes: Cross-Sectional Evaluation of the Approved Pottery Program

et al. 2022

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Lead is one of the most harmful toxic metals to humans. In Mexico, though most potters still use a lead-based glazing process, a new lead-free glaze has been introduced to the production of pottery. The Approved Pottery Program (APP) promotes the production of lead-free pottery. As a component of the APP, we aimed to document in this pilot study the blood lead levels (BLLs) of a sample of potters and the association with the type of glaze used. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on information from 46 potters grouped by 26 workshops. We measured general sociodemographic characteristics, capillary BLLs, and the lead levels of the dirt floors of the workshops. The evaluation of associations and comparisons between glaze types was performed based on a regression model clustered by workshop. The median BLL measured was 13.6 μg/dl (IQR: 7.8–20.4 μg/dl), and 70% of the BLLs were greater than 10 μg/dl. Workshop managers presented higher BLLs compared to others working in the same workshop (median of 14.1 μg/dl (IQR: 11.6–25.3 μg/dl) versus 10.1 μg/dl (IQR: 5.2–16.7 μg/dl), respectively). The median BLLs of potters who used lead-free glaze in at least 80% of production were 8.8 μg/dl (95% CI: −17.3 to −0.3 μg/dl) lower than the BLLs of those who used lead-free glaze in less than 30% of production, adjusted by workshop role. Additionally, the lead levels were significantly lower in workshop dirt floors where lead-free glaze was used in at least 80% of the production compared to those that use less than 30% (180 versus 916 mg/kg; p < 0.05). The use of lead-free glaze in the production of pottery was associated with both lower BLLs in potters and lower soil lead levels in the workshop area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Levels in a Potters Population and Its Association With the Use of Different Glazes: Cross-Sectional Evaluation of the Approved Pottery Program

et al. 2022

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“…contribute to “ take home Pb ” where children are secondarily exposed to Pb at home from their occupationally-exposed parents or adults siblings through inhalation or contact of Pb particles on clothes. 35 , 36 , 37 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms Associated with Low Threshold Lead Poisoning Among Roadside and Organized Panel Beaters in Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria

Kassy

Uchegbu

Ango

2021

Journal of Health and Pollution

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“…The high proportion of respondents who did not have measures to prevent lead dust from leaving the workplace is consistent with previous reports of workers wearing personal clothing into and out of workplaces; employers not providing or enforcing the use of personal protective equipment, uniforms, and showers; and even a complete lack of training on lead hazards in the workplace. 1,9,11,29,30 Previous studies that sampled lead dust on the floors of employee vehicles found a median of 1570 µg/ft 2 for workers in lead paint remediation and metal recycling industries, 9 a mean of 40.3 µg/ft 2 for workers in the lead paint remediation industry, 2 and geometric means of 818 µg/ft 2 and 177 µg/ft 2 for bridgeworkers. 29,31 The overall geometric mean of 234 µg/ft 2 we observed is in the middle of these previous measurements, although we found that the industry with the highest levels, lead acid battery recycling (geometric mean = 3227 µg/ft 2 ), was notably higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A County-Level Program for the Evaluation of the Potential for Take-Home Lead Exposures Among Children in Michigan

et al. 2021

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Objective: Take-home lead exposure involves lead dust inadvertently carried from the worksite by employees that becomes deposited in their homes and vehicles. We piloted a program in 2 counties in Michigan to investigate the countywide potential for take-home lead exposures across industries. Methods: During 2018-2020, we identified establishments through internet searches and industry-specific registries. We visited establishments with a physical storefront in-person; we attempted to contact the remaining establishments via telephone. We administered questionnaires at the establishment level to assess the presence of lead and the current use of practices meant to mitigate the potential for take-home lead exposures. We recruited workers for wipe sampling of lead dust from their vehicle floors to test for lead levels. Results: We identified 320 establishments with potential lead use or exposures. Questionnaire responses revealed widespread worker exposures to lead and a lack of education and implementation of best practices to prevent lead from leaving the worksite. Dust samples (n = 60) collected from employee vehicles showed a ubiquitous tracking of lead out of the workplace, with a range of 5.7 to 84 000 µg/ft2 and a geometric mean of 234 µg/ft2. Of the sample results, 95.0% were above the lead dust clearance levels for homes established by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Conclusions: This work suggests that take-home lead exposures are widespread and may be important sources of lead exposure among children. It also demonstrates the feasibility of a program for the identification of establishments whose employees may be susceptible to taking lead dust home with them and whose children may subsequently be targeted for blood lead monitoring.

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Occupational and Take-home Lead Exposure Among Lead Oxide Manufacturing Employees, North Carolina, 2016

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Lead Levels in a Potters Population and Its Association With the Use of Different Glazes: Cross-Sectional Evaluation of the Approved Pottery Program

Lead Levels in a Potters Population and Its Association With the Use of Different Glazes: Cross-Sectional Evaluation of the Approved Pottery Program

Symptoms Associated with Low Threshold Lead Poisoning Among Roadside and Organized Panel Beaters in Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria

A County-Level Program for the Evaluation of the Potential for Take-Home Lead Exposures Among Children in Michigan

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