Occupational silica exposure and risk of various diseases: an analysis using death certificates from 27 states of the United States

Calvert, Geoffrey M.

doi:10.1136/oem.60.2.122

Cited by 231 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Occupational exposure to crystalline silica is associated with silicosis, lung cancer, pulmonary tuberculosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Calvert et al 2003). In addition, silicosis patients often develop autoimmune diseases Parks, Conrad, and Cooper 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological Study of Chronic Pulmonary Toxicity Induced by Intratracheally Instilled Asian Sand Dust (Kosa)

et al. 2012

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Asian sand dust (ASD) events are associated with an increase in pulmonary morbidity and mortality. The number of ASD events has increased rapidly in the east Asian region since 2000. To study the chronic lung toxicity of ASD, saline suspensions of low doses (200 and 400 mg) and high doses (800 and 3,000 mg) of ASD were intratracheally instilled into ICR mice. Animals were sacrificed at 24 hr, 1 week, or 1, 2, or 3 months after instillation. Histopathological examination revealed that ASD induced acute inflammation at 24 hr after instillation. The acute inflammation was transient and subsided at 1 week and 1 month after instillation. At 2 and 3 months after instillation, focal infiltration of lymphocytes with accumulation of epithelioid macrophages, which is a suggestive finding of transformation to granuloma, and granuloma formation were occasionally observed. Aggregation of macrophages containing particles was observed in the pulmonary lymph nodes at 3 months after instillation in high-dose groups. Prolonged inflammatory foci (granuloma) and presence of ASD particles in pulmonary lymph nodes would have a chance to induce immunological modulation leading to adverse health effects in the exposed animals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological Study of Chronic Pulmonary Toxicity Induced by Intratracheally Instilled Asian Sand Dust (Kosa)

et al. 2012

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“…Occupational silica exposure has been associated with SSc (8)(9)(10)(11)(12), SLE (13)(14)(15), and RA (16,17) (for review, see ref. 18) and may promote autoimmunity by causing chronic inflammation and immune stimulation (18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Systemic autoimmune disease mortality and occupational exposures

Gold¹,

Ward²,

Dosemeci³

et al. 2007

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To generate hypotheses regarding occupational exposures that may cause systemic autoimmune diseases.Methods. Based on examination of US death certificates, we identified deaths in 26 states for which a cause was listed as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n ‫؍‬ 36,178), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n ‫؍‬ 7,241), systemic sclerosis (n ‫؍‬ 5,642), or other systemic autoimmune disease (n ‫؍‬ 4,270). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to estimate associations between occupation and death from any systemic autoimmune disease, and from RA, SLE, and systemic sclerosis, specifically. Additionally, we estimated risks associated with occupational exposures, which were assigned using job-exposure matrices.Results. A broad array of occupations was associated with death from systemic autoimmune diseases, including several of a priori interest. Farming occupation was associated with death from any systemic autoimmune disease (OR 1.3 [95% CI 1.2-1.4]), and increased risk was also seen with occupational exposure to animals and pesticides. Several industrial occupations were associated with death from any systemic autoimmune disease, including mining machine operators (OR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1-1.5]), miscellaneous textile machine operators (OR 1.2 [95% CI 1.0-1.4]), and hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations (OR 1.8 [95% CI 1.0-2.9]). These occupations were also significantly associated with death from the specific autoimmune diseases examined. Certain occupations entailing exposure to the public, such as teachers, were associated with systemic autoimmune disease-related death, whereas others, such as waiters and waitresses, were not.Conclusion. Our results suggest that death from systemic autoimmune diseases may be associated with occupational exposures encountered in farming and industry. The hypotheses generated in this study provide leads for future research on determinants of these diseases.

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“…The association between long exposure to silica, pneumoconiosis and RA is proved [9]. In the study of Calvert GM et al [10], the link between crystalline silica exposure and RA is well demonstrated. Both RA and rheumatoid factor is more frequent in patients with Caplan's syndrome compared to exposed miners with or without simple pneumoconiosis [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%