Occupational Stress: Toward a More Integrated Framework

Hart, Peter M.; Cooper, Cary L.

doi:10.4135/9781848608368.n6

Cited by 204 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Researchers specifically assert that generic scales are useful for measuring a wide range of generic occupational stressors, but underrepresent the nature of stress unique to policing, therefore they necessarily underreport true and unique stress levels in police work. This is a limitation of the previous research insofar as the broad focus does not account for the important "job context" stressors in policing believed to influence organizational performance (Hart and Cooper, 2001).…”

Section: Framework For the Studymentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The locus of control theory differentiates between individuals who attribute situational outcomes to things within their control or outside their control. Lack of control produces adverse work experiences from which negative physiological and psychological consequences result (e.g., strain), a link that is well established in the occupational stress literature (Beeher, 1995;Beehr and Newman, 1978;Cooper, 1998;French, Caplan and Harrison, 1982;Hart and Cooper, 2001). Adverse experiences include events or situations in organizational life that bring unpleasant stimuli to the person being exposed and are believed to contribute to a decline in performance, such as increased absenteeism through sickness, stress-related disability claims, early retirement, citizen complaints, and accidents (Baratta, 1998;Bostrom, 2003;Cascio, 1977;Daley, 1978;Heyer, 1998;Wolfskill, 1989).…”

Section: Locus Of Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"More importantly, the failure to link occupational stress to organizational performance has tended to marginalize the issue of occupational stress in the broader management and organizational behavior literature. It may also explain why managers in many police organizations still view occupational stress as an occupational health and safety issue, rather than an issue that is central to the leadership and management practices of the organization" (Hart andCotton, 2002:107, citing Hart andCooper, 2001; see also Wright and Cropanzano, 2000).…”

Section: Importance Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organizational stressors and police performance

Shane

2010

Journal of Criminal Justice

290

281

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The evidence on police stress is mixed as to whether or not the nature of police work is inherently stressful. A growing body of research suggests police officers are no more stressed than other groups and police work is not especially stressful. Instead, organizational stressors may be the greatest source of stress in police officers. Various structural arrangements, policies and practices imply police agencies can be inhospitable workplaces, where officers must withstand a variety of daily hassles generated internally by the organization.

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Section: Framework For the Studymentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Locus Of Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Importance Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organizational stressors and police performance

Shane

2010

Journal of Criminal Justice

290

281

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“…There is no area of occupational health science (and the organizational sciences) where we know so much that all we need are deductive confirmations of our theories. Even in mature areas such as occupational stress where there are several well researched models and a dominant paradigm, there are calls for us to not get too locked into the status quo, and consider more dynamic and new approaches (Hart and Cooper 2001). For example, in the 1980s the study of occupational stress was dominated by the study of role stressors (Katz and Kahn 1978).…”

Section: The Need For Inductive Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lost Art of Discovery: The Case for Inductive Methods in Occupational Health Science and the Broader Organizational Sciences

Spector

2017

Occup Health Sci

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This paper makes a case for the necessity of inductive and abductive approaches to research in occupational health science and the broader organizational sciences. Three forms of scientific inference are described: induction (exploratory research that generalizes from observations), abduction (deriving explanations for observations), and deduction (confirmatory research that tests theory-derived hypotheses). It is argued that the current deductive exclusiveness in the major journals of many fields has created unintended challenges to research integrity of confirmation bias, phacking, HARKing, and the chrysalis effect. Recommendations are given for writing and reviewing research papers that adopt an inductive and/or abductive approach.Keywords Abduction . Exploratory research . Inductive research . Philosophyofscience . Research integrity . Research methods Discovery can be considered the most important aspect of scientific progress, both for the field and individual scientists. Famous scientists are generally known mostly for what they discovered, such as Einstein for relativity, Fleming for penicillin, and Newton for mechanics of motion. Although these examples are from the physical sciences, social and organizational sciences have discoveries too, for example, that goals improve performance (E. A. Locke and Latham 1990), or that introducing new work technologies can be disruptive and stressful (Trist and Bamforth 1951). These discoveries add to the knowledge base of the field, help direct future research, and are often the basis for evidence-based intervention in the field. Yet despite the fact that discovery is vitally important in science, for more than two decades, the organizational sciences have rejected discovery, considering it somehow inferior and unimportant as

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“…2005), However, Hart and Cooper (2001) have eloquently highlighted the diffi culty in providing a truly satisfactory defi nition for such a patently complex construct. They note that '.…”

Section: Defi Nitions and Models Of Osmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational stress and cardiovascular disease

Byrne

Espnes

2008

Stress and Health

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SummaryDespite evidence for a recent decline in cardiovascular disease (CVD) 1 mortality (Taylor, Dobson, & Mirzaei, 2006), CVD remains a major cause of death and disability in Western societies. An interest in the presence of CVD risk factors is therefore not surprising, and attempts to link the psychological characteristics of both individuals and their social environments to CVD risk has formed a good part of that research. It is inevitable then, that attention has turned to OS as an explanatory factor in the search to explain CVD risk.

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Occupational Stress: Toward a More Integrated Framework

Cited by 204 publications

References 87 publications

Organizational stressors and police performance

Organizational stressors and police performance

The Lost Art of Discovery: The Case for Inductive Methods in Occupational Health Science and the Broader Organizational Sciences

Occupational stress and cardiovascular disease

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