Occurrence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella spp. in raw beef from wet market and hypermarket in Malaysia

Abstract

Salmonellae are highly pathogenic foodborne bacteria able to cause infection even at low doses. Infection by Salmonella from contaminated foods leads to gastrointestinal disease known as salmonellosis. Raw beef can be a source of human infection if the meat products are not properly handled, stored or cooked. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and concentration of Salmonella in the raw beef sold at wet markets and hypermarkets in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, using MPN-PCR and MPN-plating on Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) medium. In addition, Salmonella isolates recovered from the samples were tested for antibiotics susceptibility using Kirby-Bauer antibiotic susceptibility testing. The incidence of Salmonella in the raw beef samples using plating and PCR methods were 64.63% (53/82) and 17.07% (14/82) respectively. The microbial concentration of Salmonella in raw beef samples ranged between 3-4600 MPN/g by MPNplating and 3-30 MPN/g by MPN-PCR approach. All isolates were found to be susceptible to imipenem, gentamicin, kanamycin, and chloramphenicol but resistant to cephalothin. It can be deduced from the results that raw beef can be a reservoir for Salmonella infection and the use of cephalothin (30 μg) in the treatment of infection due to these strains could be ineffective. Preventive measures such as proper temperature control as well as proper handling of raw beef in the market place are crucial to the minimization of any potential health hazard posed by this foodborne pathogen.

PCR-based detection and serovar identification of Salmonella in retail meat collected from wet markets in Metro Manila, Philippines

“…This Salmonella prevalence in this study was relatively higher compared to previous studies that detected Salmonella in the Philippines, such as Soguilon and Rivera (30.63%, n = 320) [ 13 ], Baldrias & Capistrano (19.76%, n = 167) [ 24 ], Vismanos et al (8.96%, n = 212) [ 25 ], and Balala et al (9.33%, n = 150) [ 31 ], and other Asian countries, such as Vietnam (35.52%, n = 608) [ 32 ], China (6.8%, n = 1414) [ 23 ], Malaysia (35.4%, n = 96) [ 26 ], and Nepal (11.4%, n = 123) [ 33 ]. Although this report was relatively lower compared to studies done in Thailand (72%, n = 100) [ 34 ], Laos (87.75%, n = 49) [ 35 ], and different reports in Malaysia (64.6% n = 82 and 87.5% n = 72) [ 26 , 36 ]. Prevalence of Salmonella contamination among different countries might be affected by differences in sampling procedures, sample types, and Salmonella detection and isolation techniques [ 37 ].…”

A review of culture-dependent and molecular methods for detection of Salmonella in food safety

“…Similarly, MPN method was used to determine the density of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium concentration in retail beef (Thung et al, 2018) and chicken meat (Thung et al, 2016). Recently, Tan et al (2019)…”

Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Public Health Threat Enteric Bacteria from Milk and Dairy Products Retail in Abakaliki, South-East, Nigeria

“…11,12 Drug-resistant microorganisms are widely in circulation in the environment with a significant rise in their negative effects over the past few years as a result of empirical antibiotic use and knowledge deficiency. [13][14][15][16] Public health threat pathogenic bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family are mostly implicated in foodborne infections globally. 17,18 Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Listeria spp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Campylobacter spp.…”