Occurrence and distribution of anthropogenic persistent organic pollutants in coastal sediments and mud shrimps from the wetland of central Taiwan

Abstract

Sediment profile and mud shrimp (Austinogebia edulis) from the coastal wetland of central Taiwan in 2017 and 2018 were analyzed for concentration, source, and composition of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs; DDT and HCB), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Sediment profiling indicated PAH concentrations reaching 254.38 ng/g dw in areas near industrial areas and PAH concentrations of 41.8 and 58.42 ng/g dw in sampling areas further from industrial areas, suggesting that the determining factor for spatial distribution of POPs might be proximity to contaminant sources in industrial zones. Based on molecular indices, PAHs were substantially of both pyrolytic and petrogenic origins. The main sources for PCBs were Aroclor 1016 and 1260 and the congener BDE-209 was the dominant component among PBDE congeners. While we were unable to obtain live mud shrimp samples from the heavily contaminated areas, in samples from less contaminated areas, the risk assessment on mud shrimp still illustrated a borderline threat, with DDT concentrations almost reaching standardized values of Effects Range-Low (ERL). Bioaccumulation factors for DDTs and PCBs (17.33 and 54.59, respectively) were higher than other POPs in this study. Further study is essential to assess and understand the impact of these chemicals on the wetland ecosystem near this heavily industrialized area.

Organochlorine pesticides, brominated flame retardants, synthetic musks and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in shrimps. An overview of occurrence and its implication on human exposure

“…Table S1 (supplementary data) summarizes published studies from 2004 to 2020 regarding shrimp contamination with OCPs [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. The most studied OCPs in these publications are hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), DDT, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD).…”

“…Table S2 (supplementary data) summarizes published studies from 2004 to 2020 regarding shrimp contamination with BFRs [ 47 , 49 , 51 , 55 , 59 , 62 , 64 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 74 , 75 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 ]. As shown in Table S2, 30 different PBDEs were analysed.…”

“…Table S4 (supplementary data) summarizes published studies from 2004-2020 regarding shrimp contamination with PAHs [ 24 , 25 , 36 , 52 , 54 , 60 , 69 , 71 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 ]. As demonstrated in Table S4 the 16 PAHs that EPA listed as priority pollutants are the most studied ones.…”

“…supplementary data) summarizes published studies from 2004 to 2020 regarding shrimp contamination with OCPs[43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76]…”

Tracking Recent DDT Contamination in a Northern New England Watershed

“…A popular pesticide, DDT was banned in the United States in 1972, due to its adverse impacts on ecosystems and persistence in the environment (USEPA, 1975). Although the ban began almost 50 years ago, DDT is still detected in biota, sediments, and soils throughout the world (Rissato et al, 2006;Andrews et al, 2009;Hu et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2013;Bettinetti et al, 2016;Kang et al, 2016;Feingold and Benoit, 2018;Khuman et al, 2019;Das et al, 2020). In 2004 to 2005, 44% of all resident loons died on Squam Lake, NH, U.S.A., followed by ongoing low reproductive successes (Vogel, 2010).…”