Occurrence and Distribution of Vegetables Seed-Borne Mycoflora in Punjab Pakistan

Abstract

Vegetables seeds are carrier of mycoflora inciting bulk of diseases, responsible for quality and yield losses. Majority of microbes are saprophyte and few are potential pathogen for the crop. In this research seed mycoflora were isolated by using standard blotter paper and agar plate technique. Major vegetables of summer and winter seeds were collected from regional local markets of Punjab province. Among these 15 fungal genera and 18 different species were identified. According to results highest incidence of fungal pathogens were Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Penicillium camemberti and Bipolaris spp. and low incidence of Stemphylium spp., Cladosporim spp., F. semitectum, Curvularia lunata, Rhizopus nigricans, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Fusarium oxysporum, Drechslera australiensis, Ascochyta spp., A. fumigatus, Rhizoctonia spp., Alternaria alternata and Chaetomium globosum. The agar plate method was found to be the most suitable technique for detection seed-borne fungi in vegetable seed. The results of this study could be helpful for management of seed borne fungal pathogens of different vegetables. Our findings may also helpful for seed treatment before sowing with appropriate fungicides to overcome the losses caused by seed borne fungi.

Effects of Oat Varieties and Growing Locations on Seed-Borne Fungal Communities

“…They have direct or indirect influences on seed production and food security of oat, because they can cause seed abortion, rot and necrosis, reduction of germination capacity as well as seedling damage (Habib et al, 2011;Rahmatzai and Saifulla, 2011;Singh et al, 2011;Jelena et al, 2012). Seeds are major transmission contributors of pathogenic fungi, diseases can be spread through seeds from one region to another to result in the development of disease at later stages of plant growth by systemic or local infections (Ahmed et al, 2017). Although damage caused by seed-borne pathogens is not always recognized, seed treatment before sowing may improve seed germination capacity.…”

Heavy metals contamination in vegetable crops irrigated with wastewater: A review

“…Heavy metals being natural components which cannot be degraded or destroyed biologically are toxic, when in the ecosystem may lead to geoaccumulation and bioaccumulation (Lokeshappa and Anil, 2012) [74] . The amount of metallic elements in plants is the measure of the level of the metal in the environment in which the plants grows over a period of time (Ahmed et al, 2012;Henry et al, 2018) [5,44] . There are also many factors which contribute to heavy metal contamination identified as irrigation water, fertilizers and pesticides applications, emissions of different waste materials from industries, lack of good transportation facilities, harvesting process and storage.…”

“…Vomiting, diarrhea, stomach irritation, decreases in reaction time, kidney problems, anemia and blood disorders in humans are some of the diseases associated with heavy metals. They may also cause respiratory tract cancer and mesodermal ulceration (Ahmed et al, 2012) [5] . This study focuses on the contamination of heavy metals in vegetables irrigated with wastewater, regarding their total concentration levels in the environment.…”