Occurrence, characterization, partition, and toxicity of cigarette butts in a highly urbanized coastal area

Lima, Christiane Freire; Pinto, Mariana Amaral dos Santos; Choueri, Rodrigo Brasil; Moreira, Lucas Buruaem; Castro, Ítalo Braga

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2021.05.029

Cited by 46 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…and T. biminiensis ) and perecarid species ( T. viscana and M. schubarti ), our results were consistent with the toxicity previously reported for the offspring production of Nitokra sp. (EC50 of 0.1 CB/L) in waterborne and whole sediment exposure (EC50 of 0.01 CB/L; Lima et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cigarette packs of the brand most frequently found during beach cleaning campaigns on Santos beaches (Lima et al, 2021) were purchased from commercial establishments. The cigarettes were artificially smoked using a hand‐operated vacuum pump (oil‐free) connected to polytetrafluoroethylene tubing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to 10 cigarettes were simultaneously attached to the taps and smoked at a low pressure (−50 mmHg) until approximately 1 cm above the filter. Leachates were then prepared in beakers using 4 CB/L of dilution water (i.e., artificial seawater with a salinity of 35 ppt-Red Sea salt ® ) and placed on an orbital shaker (100 rpm for 24 h) under dark conditions, as described in Micevska et al (2006) and Lima et al (2021). The obtained solutions were filtered through a 0.6-µm mesh to remove particulate material.…”

Section: Preparation Of Cb Leachates and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies evaluating CB toxicity in marine organisms are still scarce, although there is increasing interest in this topic, considering human population growth and occupation in the coastal zone and the ultimate destination of these residues into the sea (Araújo & Costa, 2019a). Ecotoxicological data on CB leachates have been produced using marine bacteria, algae, oyster embryos (Lucia et al, 2023), gastropods (Booth et al, 2015), polychaete worms (Wright et al, 2015), brine shrimp (Abessa et al, 2021), copepods (Lima et al, 2021), and fish (Slaughter et al, 2011; Soleimani et al, 2023). These studies have focused on apical responses (endpoints measured at the organism level), estimating the median effect (EC50) and lethal concentrations (LC50), both of which are related to the concentration of a substance in an environmental matrix expected to produce effects in 50% of the test organisms in a given exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waterborne Toxicity to Neotropical Invertebrates and Hazard of Cigarette Butt Leachates in Marine Environments

Mandelli,

Pestana,

Choueri

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Cigarette butts (CBs) are the most common type of beach litter worldwide and contain a complex mixture of chemicals. Given the recent interest in this emerging problem, it is important to assess the toxicity of CB leachates to a range of species from different regions, sensitivities, and ecological traits. We evaluated the waterborne toxicity of smoked CB to tropical invertebrates. Leachates were prepared in the laboratory and characterized for trace elements (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb), ammonia nitrogen, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Then a set of toxicity tests with marine invertebrates was performed as follows: the brine shrimp Artemia sp. (nontoxic); the amphipod Tiburonella viscana (median lethal concentration [LC50] of 0.038 CB/L); the tanaid Monokalliapseudes schubarti (LC50 of 0.126 CB/L); the copepods Tisbe biminiensis (median effect concentration [EC50] of 0.038 CB/L) and Nitokra sp. (EC50 of 0.009 CB/L); pluteus stage larvae of the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter (EC50 of 0.152 CB/L); the sand dollar Mellita quinquiesperforata (EC50 of 0.054 CB/L); and D‐stage larvae of the mussel Perna perna (EC50 of 0.005 CB/L). The predicted no‐effect concentration was estimated using species sensitivity distribution, producing a 5th percentile hazard concentration of 0.015 CB/L. This preliminary threshold allowed us to estimate the potential impact of a single CB to 67 L of seawater via leaching, contributing to the advancement of knowledge regarding the contamination, toxicity, and ecological risks of cigarette waste. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;00:1–11. © 2023 SETAC

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Cb Leachates and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waterborne Toxicity to Neotropical Invertebrates and Hazard of Cigarette Butt Leachates in Marine Environments

Mandelli,

Pestana,

Choueri

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…A recent study by Venugopal et al measured a range of compounds, including nicotine, PAHs, metals, phthalates, and volatile organic compounds known to be very toxic to aquatic organisms, in leachate from field-collected CBs [91]. Another recent study showed that leachate from field-collected CBs in the marine environment impaired copepod reproduction (Notokra sp) at low butt concentrations [216]. Dobaradaran et al recently reviewed the toxicity of CBs to aquatic organisms and showed that CB leachate is toxic to a wide range of aquatic animals, including freshwater zooplankton, sea snails, frogs, frog embryos, and marine and freshwater fish [217].…”

Section: Non-mammalian Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Environmental Pollution from the Use and Disposal of Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes: Contaminants, Sources, and Impacts

et al. 2021

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While the impacts of cigarette smoking on human health are widely known, a less recognized impact of tobacco product use and disposal is environmental pollution. This review discusses the current literature related to cigarette and e-cigarette contamination in the context of environmental sources and impacts, with a focus on the documented influences on biota, ranging from bacteria to mammals. Cigarette butts and electronic cigarette components can leach contaminants into soil, water, and air. Cellulose acetate cigarette filters comprising the butts are minimally degradable and are a source of bulk plastic and microplastic pollution, especially in aquatic ecosystems where they tend to accumulate. Cigarette combustion and aerosol production during e-cigarette use result in air contamination from sidestream, exhaled, and thirdhand pathways. The chemical byproducts of tobacco product use contaminate wastewater effluents, landfill leachates, and urban storm drains. The widespread detection of nicotine and cotinine in the environment illustrates the potential for large-scale environmental impacts of tobacco product waste. Studies show that cigarette butt leachate and nicotine are toxic to microbes, plants, benthic organisms, bivalves, zooplankton, fish, and mammals; however, there remain critical knowledge gaps related to the environmental impacts of tobacco product waste on environmental health and ecosystem functioning.

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Negative effects of cigarette butt leachate on freshwater phytoplankton communities

dos Santos,

Maciel,

Guimarães

et al. 2024

Ecotoxicology

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Occurrence, characterization, partition, and toxicity of cigarette butts in a highly urbanized coastal area

Cited by 46 publications

References 73 publications

Waterborne Toxicity to Neotropical Invertebrates and Hazard of Cigarette Butt Leachates in Marine Environments

Waterborne Toxicity to Neotropical Invertebrates and Hazard of Cigarette Butt Leachates in Marine Environments

A Review of Environmental Pollution from the Use and Disposal of Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes: Contaminants, Sources, and Impacts

Negative effects of cigarette butt leachate on freshwater phytoplankton communities

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