Occurrence of Agmatine Pathway for Putrescine Synthesis in<i>Selenomonas ruminatium</i>

Liao, Shaofu; Phuntip, Poonpairoj; Ko, Kyong Cheol; Takatuska, Yumiko; Yamaguchi, Yoshihiro; Abe, Naoki; Kaneko, Jun; Kamio, Yoshiyuki

doi:10.1271/bbb.70550

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The C. difficile YP_001087362 protein is a functional ADC (Table 2) but with relatively low efficiency compared with the B. subtilis enzyme (K m ϭ 3.3 mM, k cat ϭ 0.018 s Ϫ1 at 60°C). Another AAT-fold ADC was recently identified in the firmicute Selenomonas ruminantium (49). Its K m for arginine was even higher than the C. difficile ADC, at 5.6 mM, and the optimal temperature was 60°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The most plausible evolutionary scenario is that the short biosynthetic AAT-fold ADC, typically found in firmicutes, such as B. subtilis, C. difficile, and S. ruminantium, was the ancestral form of the acid-inducible AAT-fold ADC enzyme. In S. ruminantium, the short form AAT-fold ADC is a dimer (49). A response regulator receiver domain protein was then fused to the N terminus end of the short biosynthetic AAT-fold ADC, thereby forming the wing domain of the acid-inducible AAT-fold ADC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution and Multiplicity of Arginine Decarboxylases in Polyamine Biosynthesis and Essential Role in Bacillus subtilis Biofilm Formation

Burrell

Hanfrey

Murray

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

111

114

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Arginine decarboxylases (ADCs; EC 4.1.1.19) from four different protein fold families are important for polyamine biosynthesis in bacteria, archaea, and plants. Biosynthetic alanine racemase fold (AR-fold) ADC is widespread in bacteria and plants. We report the discovery and characterization of an ancestral form of the AR-fold ADC in the bacterial Chloroflexi and Bacteroidetes phyla. The ancestral AR-fold ADC lacks a large insertion found in Escherichia coli and plant AR-fold ADC and is more similar to the lysine biosynthetic enzyme meso-diaminopimelate decarboxylase, from which it has evolved. An E. coli acid-inducible ADC belonging to the aspartate aminotransferase fold (AAT-fold) is involved in acid resistance but not polyamine biosynthesis. We report here that the acid-inducible AAT-fold ADC has evolved from a shorter, ancestral biosynthetic AAT-fold ADC by fusion of a response regulator receiver domain protein to the N terminus. Ancestral biosynthetic AAT-fold ADC appears to be limited to firmicute bacteria. The phylogenetic distribution of different forms of ADC distinguishes bacteria from archaea, euryarchaeota from crenarchaeota, double-membraned from single-membraned bacteria, and firmicutes from actinobacteria. Our findings extend to eight the different enzyme forms carrying out the activity described by EC 4.1.1.19. ADC gene clustering reveals that polyamine biosynthesis employs diverse and exchangeable synthetic modules. We show that in Bacillus subtilis, ADC and polyamines are essential for biofilm formation, and this appears to be an ancient, evolutionarily conserved function of polyamines in bacteria. Also of relevance to human health, we found that arginine decarboxylation is the dominant pathway for polyamine biosynthesis in human gut microbiota.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Multiplicity of Arginine Decarboxylases in Polyamine Biosynthesis and Essential Role in Bacillus subtilis Biofilm Formation

Burrell

Hanfrey

Murray

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

111

114

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“…Despite this similarity between SpeA-BCpu and LysA-BBge/BPam, there is conflicting evidence that SpeA might also utilize diaminopimelate as a substrate and decarboxylate it to lysine. In Selenomonas ruminantium , it was shown that the enzyme acts on L -lysine at a rate of about 10% that corresponding to L -arginine ( K m values 50 and 5.6 mM, respectively; Liao et al 2008), whereas Giles and Graham (2007) reported that in the intracellular pathogen Chlamydophila pneumoniae arginine decarboxylase showed no activity on L -lysine. In E scherichia coli and Pseudomonas sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Economization in the Endosymbiont of the Wood Roach Cryptocercus punctulatus Due to Drastic Loss of Amino Acid Synthesis Capabilities

Neef

Latorre

Peretó

et al. 2011

Genome Biology and Evolution

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Cockroaches (Blattaria: Dictyoptera) harbor the endosymbiont Blattabacterium sp. in their abdominal fat body. This endosymbiont is involved in nitrogen recycling and amino acid provision to its host. In this study, the genome of Blattabacterium sp. of Cryptocercus punctulatus (BCpu) was sequenced and compared with those of the symbionts of Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana, BBge and BPam, respectively. The BCpu genome consists of a chromosome of 605.7 kb and a plasmid of 3.8 kb and is therefore approximately 31 kb smaller than the other two aforementioned genomes. The size reduction is due to the loss of 55 genes, 23 of which belong to biosynthetic pathways for amino acids. The pathways for the production of tryptophan, leucine, isoleucine/threonine/valine, methionine, and cysteine have been completely lost. Additionally, the genes for the enzymes catalyzing the last steps of arginine and lysine biosynthesis, argH and lysA, were found to be missing and pseudogenized, respectively. These gene losses render BCpu auxotrophic for nine amino acids more than those corresponding to BBge and BPam. BCpu has also lost capacities for sulfate reduction, production of heme groups, as well as genes for several other unlinked metabolic processes, and genes present in BBge and BPam in duplicates. Amino acids and cofactors that are not synthesized by BCpu are either produced in abundance by hindgut microbiota or are provisioned via a copious diet of dampwood colonized by putrefying microbiota, supplying host and Blattabacterium symbiont with the necessary nutrients and thus permitting genome economization of BCpu.

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“…Among the studies reporting genetic differences between the Amami and the mainland populations, 23 , 31 , 32 two used data from the J-MICC study. 23 , 32 Nishiyama et al found a low but significant level of genetic differentiation between the mainland population and the population of the Amami Islands, 32 while Wakai et al reported that some polymorphisms showed a substantial difference in minor allele frequency among the participating cohorts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between hOGG1 Ser326Cys Polymorphism and Increased Body Mass Index and Fasting Glucose Level in the Japanese General Population

Hara

Nakamura

Nanri

et al. 2014

Journal of Epidemiology

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BackgroundEvidence suggests that Ser326Cys, a genetic polymorphism of human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (hOGG1), is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Recently, an animal study showed a significant association between the hOGG1 genotype and obesity, although evidence for such an association in humans is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the hOGG1 genotype and body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels.MethodsCross-sectional analysis was conducted using the baseline survey data from a Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study, which included 1793 participants aged 40–69 years. The hOGG1 polymorphism was detected using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based invader assay. Multiple linear regression, analysis of covariance, and logistic regression were used to control for confounding variables.ResultsThe Cys allele was significantly associated with increased BMI, FBG level, and total cholesterol (TC) level, even after adjustment for gender, age, energy intake, alcohol, smoking, physical activity, and family history of diabetes. An association with BMI was still observed after further adjustment for FBG and TC, but not for the study area (Amami or the mainland). The Cys/Cys genotype was significantly more prevalent in the participants with higher BMI (>27.5 kg/m2). However, the impact of genotype decreased and significance disappeared after adjusting for the study area.ConclusionsThe present results suggest that the study area being inside Japan confounds the association between hOGG1 genotype and obesity.

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Occurrence of Agmatine Pathway for Putrescine Synthesis inSelenomonas ruminatium

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Evolution and Multiplicity of Arginine Decarboxylases in Polyamine Biosynthesis and Essential Role in Bacillus subtilis Biofilm Formation

Evolution and Multiplicity of Arginine Decarboxylases in Polyamine Biosynthesis and Essential Role in Bacillus subtilis Biofilm Formation

Genome Economization in the Endosymbiont of the Wood Roach Cryptocercus punctulatus Due to Drastic Loss of Amino Acid Synthesis Capabilities

Associations Between hOGG1 Ser326Cys Polymorphism and Increased Body Mass Index and Fasting Glucose Level in the Japanese General Population

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