Occurrence of Caprine Leucocyte Class I and Ii Antigens in Saanen Goats Affected by Caprine Arthritis (Cae)

Ruff, G.; Regli, J; Lazàry, S.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-313x.1993.tb00144.x

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Further bias might have been introduced by selecting the smaller flocks in the extensive system and those registered with the local milk-board among intensive flocks, but it is unlikely that either factor contributes greatly to explaining the enormous differences in MVV-seroprevalence in these two sheep production systems. Moreover, although certain alleles have been identified that confer goats and cows some degree of resistance to lentiviral infections [19,29] and there are indications of inheritable susceptibility and resistance to MVVseroconversion in sheep [6], there is no evidence or previous suggestions, that major differences in flock MVV-seroprevalence are attributable to genetic differences between sheep. Breed-associated differences in susceptibility to infection have been proposed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive rearing hinders Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) infection in sheep

et al. 2006

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-Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) seroprevalence and its relationship with housing and mode of rearing of replacement ewe-lambs was investigated in 38 non-randomly selected sheep-flocks in Spain. They included extensive lamb-producing Manchega cross-bred flocks raised almost permanently at pasture, semi-intensive Latxa dairy flocks housed 2-8 months/year and intensively raised Assaf dairy flocks housed most time and at higher stocking density in less ventilated buildings than other flocks. Most flocks raised replacement lambs naturally with their dams until weaning and as a separate flock thereafter until lambing at one year of age. Seroprevalence (95% confidence intervals) was 77%, 25% and 5% (4-6) in intensive, semi-intensive and extensive flocks, respectively and the median (interquartile range) flock-seroprevalence was 82% (66-94) in intensive flocks, 31% (14-31) in semi-intensive flocks and 4% (0-7) in extensive flocks. Seroprevalence was lowest in one year-old sheep and increased to flock levels during the year after introduction into the adult flock in most intensive flocks and more gradually in other flocks. Adult flock seroprevalence was associated with housing time but this relationship was not evident within a particular rearing system, indicating that other unknown factors are critical in horizontal MVV-transmission. Low seroprevalence in extensive flocks further supports previous indications that lactogenic MVV-infection is relatively inefficient and horizontal transmission is necessary to ensure long-term maintenance of MVV and this could explain that MVV has not been reported from countries with mainly extensively reared sheep such as Australia and New Zealand. Moreover, it indicates that MVV-control in extensive and semi-intensive flocks can be simple and inexpensive.Maedi-Visna Virus / sheep / seroprevalence / intensive and extensive rearing / Spain

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive rearing hinders Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) infection in sheep

et al. 2006

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“…Economic losses are due to reduced milk yield, mastitis, interaction with bacterial mammary infection, and premature culling [22,23,24,25]. Importantly, both OvLV and CaLV show evidence of breed differences in susceptibility [26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34], that together with other evidence [35,36,37,38,39] suggest a host genetic component in susceptibility and control. …”

Section: Small Ruminant Lentiviruses: Background and Existing Intervmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding Possibilities for Intervention against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses through Genetic Marker-Assisted Selective Breeding

White

Knowles

2013

Viruses

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Small ruminant lentiviruses include members that infect sheep (ovine lentivirus [OvLV]; also known as ovine progressive pneumonia virus/maedi-visna virus) and goats (caprine arthritis encephalitis virus [CAEV]). Breed differences in seroprevalence and proviral concentration of OvLV had suggested a strong genetic component in susceptibility to infection by OvLV in sheep. A genetic marker test for susceptibility to OvLV has been developed recently based on the TMEM154 gene with validation data from over 2,800 sheep representing nine cohorts. While no single genotype has been shown to have complete resistance to OvLV, consistent association in thousands of sheep from multiple breeds and management conditions highlight a new strategy for intervention by selective breeding. This genetic marker-assisted selection (MAS) has the potential to be a useful addition to existing viral control measures. Further, the discovery of multiple additional genomic regions associated with susceptibility to or control of OvLV suggests that additional genetic marker tests may be developed to extend the reach of MAS in the future. This review will cover the strengths and limitations of existing data from host genetics as an intervention and outline additional questions for future genetic research in sheep, goats, small ruminant lentiviruses, and their host-pathogen interactions.

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“…There was consensus that immunosuppression is not a feature of SRLV infection probably because, in contrast to the immunodeficiency-causing lentiviruses, SRLVs do not infect lymphocytes [16,53]. Genetic factors of both the host (breed-and familyassociated disease susceptibility) and the virus (virulence) influence the outcome of SRLV infection [36,123].…”

Section: Animal Welfare Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routes of transmission and consequences of small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) infection and eradication schemes

et al. 2004

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-Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV = maedi-visna in sheep and caprine arthritis encephalitis in goats) are distributed throughout most countries of the world, particularly Europe. Laboratories from 16 European countries established collaborations within the framework of a COST (CO-operation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research) action sponsored by the European Union in order to (i) better organize their research programmes on SRLVs and (ii) to coordinate efforts to combat these two diseases. After five years, a consensus conference -the first one in the veterinary medicine field -concluded the work of this network of laboratories by reviewing the present position and discussing three important questions in the field of SRLVs: routes of transmission, consequences of infection and potential role of eradication programmes at either a European or local level, according to the situation in each country or region. This paper brings together existing information regarding these questions and identifies areas for future research.Maedi-visna / caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus / lentivirus / small ruminants / European consensus conference

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Occurrence of Caprine Leucocyte Class I and Ii Antigens in Saanen Goats Affected by Caprine Arthritis (Cae)

Abstract: The distribution of CLA class I and II antigens in CAE virus-infected, diseased and healthy Saanen goats has been investigated. Three class I antigens and two class II antigens showed a statistically different frequency in the two groups.

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Extensive rearing hinders Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) infection in sheep

Extensive rearing hinders Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) infection in sheep

Expanding Possibilities for Intervention against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses through Genetic Marker-Assisted Selective Breeding

Routes of transmission and consequences of small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) infection and eradication schemes

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