Occurrence of Donor Langerhans cells in Mouse and Rat Chimeras and Their Replacement in Skin Grafts

Chen, Hong‐Duo; Ma, Chenglin; Yuan, Jingtao; Wang, Yakun; Silvers, Willys K.

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12275627

Cited by 46 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In timed kinetics experiments, we found that some LC of graft origin remained detectable in the epidermis for more than 2 months. The latter observation is in accordance with previous findings, which showed in different transplantation models, that donor LC persist for long periods in the epidermis of the grafts and are not completely replaced by recipient LC in long-tolerated grafts [47][48][49][50][51]. In our system where no circulating LC precursor cells are available for repopulation, the quantitative increase of donor LC in the grafts soon after transplantation strongly suggests that they are able to proliferate in situ.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Fetal and neonatal murine skin harbors Langerhans cell precursors

Chang-Rodriguez

Hoetzenecker

Schwärzler

et al. 2004

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Resident epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) in adult mice express ADPase, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, and CD205 and CD207 molecules, while the first dendritic leukocytes that colonize the fetal and newborn epidermis are only ADPase(+). In this study, we tested whether dendritic epidermal leukocytes (DEL) are end-stage cells or represent LC precursors. In epidermal sheets of fetal and neonatal mice, we found no apoptotic leukocytes, suggesting that these cells do not die in situ. To address whether DEL can give rise to LC, sorted DEL from murine newborn skin were cultured with cytokines used to generate LC from human CD34(+) precursors. After 7-14 days, DEL proliferated and acquired the morphology and phenotype of cells reminiscent of LC. In concordance with this finding, we show that neonatal epidermis harbors 10-20 times the number of cycling MHC class II(+) leukocytes as adult tissue. To test whether LC can differentiate from skin precursors in vivo, we developed a transplantation model. As it was impossible to transplant fetal epidermis, whole fetal skin was grafted onto adult severe combined immunodeficient mice. As opposed to the uniform absence of donor LC at the time of transplantation, examination of the epidermis from the grafts after 2-4 weeks revealed MHC class II(+) donor cells, which had acquired CD205 and CD207, thus qualifying them as LC. Finally, we present evidence that endogenous LC persist in skin grafts for the observation period of 45 days. These studies show that hematopoietic precursors seed the skin during embryonic life and can give rise to LC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Fetal and neonatal murine skin harbors Langerhans cell precursors

Chang-Rodriguez

Hoetzenecker

Schwärzler

et al. 2004

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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“…DCs in the skin turned over very slowly (about 30 days) and, therefore, we want to postulate that only a fraction of skin DCs are mobile. Indeed, earlier observations have indicated that a large portion of skin DCs are in fact sessile, and hence need long periods (several weeks) to become labeled and to migrate out from the skin (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Origin of Dendritic Cells Determines Their Life Span in Peripheral Lymph Nodes

Ruedl¹,

Koebel²,

Bachmann³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Immunology

191

162

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Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit considerable heterogeneity in their anatomical location, surface phenotype, and functional properties. In this study, we demonstrate that peripheral lymph nodes contain at least four major, functionally separable, and independently derived, DC subsets, which can be clearly demarcated by their CD11c, CD40, and CD8 expression pattern. Surprisingly, all DCs derived directly from the bone marrow, the myeloid- and the lymphoid-related subsets, turned over fast with t1/2 of a couple of days. In contrast, DCs exported from the skin, both dermal and epidermal, accumulated 3- to 4-fold slower, turnover that is dramatically increased by cutaneous inflammation.

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“…Six weeks after reeonstitution of lethally irradiated mice with Fl hybrid spleen cells, the majority of the LC in the pinnae of the recipient mice were of donor origin [19]. Six weeks after reeonstitution of lethally irradiated mice with Fl hybrid spleen cells, the majority of the LC in the pinnae of the recipient mice were of donor origin [19].…”

Section: Bone Marrow Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precursors of Langerhans cells

Miséry¹,

Dezutter‐Dambuyant

1995

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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LC are dendritic cells localized in the supra-basal layer of the epidermis and in mucous epithelia. Their density ranges from 200 to 900 cells/mm". Their first function is to take an antigen, process it and present the processed antigen to the lymphocytes ([1] Misery L. La cellule de Langerhans. Editions Techniques, Encycl. Med. Chir. Dermatologie 1994;12-220-B-10). They are involved in numerous diseases.The origin of these cells has been debated but a consensus has now been reached. Langerhans cells (LC) were first described in 1868 by Paul Langerhans {[2] Uber die Nerven der menschlichen Haut. Virch Arch A (Pathol Anat) 1868;44:325-337). He thought that it was a nerve cell. LC were first considered to be a component of the nervous system because their dendritic processes are similar to nerve fibers and because of their staining by gold chloride. Other authors have discussed a possible relationship with melanocytes. LC were regarded either as melanocytes, the progeny of melanocytes after division, or as melanocytes in an arrested stage of development ([3] Masson P. My conception of cellular naevi. Cancer 1951;4:9-15; [4] Fan J, Schoenfeld RJ, Hunter J. A study of the epidermal clear cells with special reference to their relationship to the cells of Langerhans. J Invest Dermatol 1959;32:445-450; [5] Zelickson AS. Granule formation in the Langerhans cell. J Invest Dermatol l%6;47:498-502). SlOO protein is expressed on melanocytes, on nerve cells and on LC ([6] Cocchia D, Michetti F, Donato R. Immunochemical and immunocytochemical localization of SlOO antigen in normal human skin. Nature 1981;294:85-87), but this does not imply that there is a common lineage. Subsequent research showed that this cell is in fact an immune cell. Electron microscopy has given us a new and very important insight into the nature of LC. Thus, there is no tonofilament. no desmosome and no melanosome ([7] Birbeck MS, Breathnach AS, Everall JD. An electron microscopy study of basal melanocyte and high level clear cell (Langerhans cell) in vitiligo. J Invest Dermatol 1961;37:51-63). The most important ultrastructural feature is the presence of Birbeck * Corresponding author. Tel.: (33) 72 34 48 22; fax: (33) 72 33 71 31. 0926-9959/95/$09.50 © 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved SSDI 0926-9959(94)00080-1 L. Misery, C, Dezutter-Dambuyant /J. Eur. Acad. Dermalot. Venereol. 5 (1995) 124-131

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Occurrence of Donor Langerhans cells in Mouse and Rat Chimeras and Their Replacement in Skin Grafts

Cited by 46 publications

References 21 publications

Fetal and neonatal murine skin harbors Langerhans cell precursors

Fetal and neonatal murine skin harbors Langerhans cell precursors

Anatomical Origin of Dendritic Cells Determines Their Life Span in Peripheral Lymph Nodes

Precursors of Langerhans cells

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