Halogenated natural products (HNPs)
and persistent organic pollutants
(POPs) were quantified in South African sardines (Sardinops
sagax) from one site in the South Atlantic Ocean and
one in the Indian Ocean. At both sites, HNPs [2,3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-heptachloro-1′-methyl-1,2′-bipyrrole
(Q1), mixed halogenated compound 1 (MHC-1), 2,4,6-tribromoanisole
(2,4,6-TBA), 2′-MeO-BDE 68 (BC-2), and 6-MeO-BDE 47 (BC-3)]
were 1 order of magnitude higher concentrated than anthropogenic POPs
[mainly polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
(DDT), ∼3 ng/g lipids]. MHC-1 and Q1 were the major HNPs in
the samples from both sites, contributing with up to 49 and 52 ng/g
lipids, respectively. The same 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane
(p,p′-DDE)/PCB ratio suggested
that the major POPs were evenly distributed at both sites. Different
ratios of Q1/MHC-1 in the samples from the Indian (∼2:1) and
South Atlantic (∼1:1) Oceans indicated that the occurrence
of HNPs in seafood is difficult to predict and should be investigated
more in detail. The PCB levels in sardines were found to pose no risk
to human consumers, whereas HNPs could not be evaluated because of
the lack of toxicological data.