Occurrence of Sharp Eyespot in Spring Cereals Grown in Some Regions of Poland

Lemańczyk, Grzegorz

doi:10.2478/v10045-010-0084-3

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Lesion development is rapid in light and well‐drained soils (Cromey et al , ). The pathogen does not produce asexual spores and the sexual stage has been thought to be rare in the field (Lemańczyk, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure and population diversity in the wheat sharp eyespot pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA

Liu

Mundt

2019

Plant Pathology

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Wheat sharp eyespot, caused by the soilborne basidiomycete fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis group D subgroup I (AG‐DI), is a common disease of wheat stems that has increased in global importance in recent years. The disease caused a severe and extensive epidemic throughout the Willamette Valley of Oregon in 2014 and has remained one of the most important wheat diseases in this region subsequently. The population structure of this pathogen is still not well understood. In this study, 572 pure cultures of R. cerealis AG‐DI were isolated from five commercial fields and two experimental fields in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, in the spring of 2017 and 2018. Population structure studies were conducted using six microsatellite markers. Polymorphisms were observed at all six loci, and all seven subpopulations showed moderate gene and genotype diversity. Most of the loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in the subpopulations, the entire population combined over locations and five of seven subpopulations were in gametic equilibrium, and the AMOVA and Mantel’s test demonstrated no differentiation among subpopulations. Though direct evidence is currently lacking, these results suggest that the sexual stage of the pathogen may be having a significant impact on pathogen population structure, and that the presence of basidiospores could be contributing to the extensive spread of this disease in the Willamette Valley in recent years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure and population diversity in the wheat sharp eyespot pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA

Liu

Mundt

2019

Plant Pathology

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“…Burpee) is a potentially damaging disease of wheat. Sharp eyespot severity is associated with significant decreases in plant and ear weight, reductions in yield components, and increases in grain protein and wet gluten content [39,40]. Fusarium species are soil-borne fungi that may be parasites, endophytes, or pathogens of healthy host plants depending on the ecological context, and they are known for their ability to survive in soil in the form of spores or saprotrophs [33,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment posed by diseases in context of integrated management of wheat

et al. 2016

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Three strict field experiments (2010)(2011)(2012)(2013) were conducted at the Experimental Station of Cultivar Testing in Chrząstowo in Poland (53°11 0 N, 17°35 0 E). Diagnosis of fungal pathogens to determine the threats posed by complex of diseases to two wheats, cv. Cytra (bread type) and cv. Monsun (quality type), was carried out. Risk assessment in the context of integrated pest and disease management considering crop sequence, sowing date, and control by fungicide application was carried out. This method also investigates the grain yields of wheat to address the context of disease risk with grain production. The experimental factors were fixed: pre-crop for wheat (sugar beet-B, corn for grain-C, wheat-W), the sowing date: facultative in late autumn (F) and spring (S), fungicidal intensification: C1-untreated, C2-one treatment at T2 stage (BBCH 32-65) with fluoxastrobin and prothioconazole, C3-two treatments made at T1 (BBCH 30-32) with prothioconazole and spiroxamine and at T2 (BBCH 41-65) with fluoxastrobin and prothioconazole, C4-three treatments performed at stage T1 (BBCH 29-31) with prothioconazole and spiroxamine, T2 (BBCH 37-51) with fluoxastrobin and prothioconazole, and T3 (BBCH 65-69) with prothioconazole and tebuconazole. A total of 12 wheat diseases were diagnosed, four units for foot and root rot and eight related with leaf and head. The most healthy status reached the crops of cv. 'Monsun': BFC4-C3, BSC4-C3, WSC4-C3, WFC4-C3, CFC4-C2 CSC4-C3, and for root and stem base: BSC4-C1, BFC4-C1, CSC4-C1, CFC4-C1. The lowest risk possessed by root and root rot diseases for cv. Cytra had crops: BFC4-C1, BSC3, CFC4-C3, and due to leaf and ear diseases the crops: BFC2-C4, BSC2-C4, WFC2-C4, WSC2-C4, CFC2-C4, CSC2-C4. Crop sequence was found the prime factor for risk posed by foot and root rot diseases, while the lack of fungicidal control mostly impacted the risk posed by leaf and head pathogens. The highest increases in yield from controlled crops were attributed to facultative wheat followed after beet (49-66 %) or wheat (36-47 %). Wheat responded positively to C2 program with a rise in yield of 26 % for cv. ''Monsun'' and 21 % for cv. ''Cytra.'' The cost-effectiveness based on two indicators E and Q has been calculated for fungicide treatments on all 48 crops.

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“…Kurowski and Adamiak (2007) did not confirm that crop rotation in wheat and rye played a considerable role. No significant effect of the preceding crop on the incidence of sharp eyespot was also noted under winter triticale production conditions (Lemańczyk 2010a) and spring cereals (Lemańczyk 2010b). According to Colbach et al (1997), more symptoms of infection with R. cerealis are observed when cereals are grown after the plants which are a potential host of that pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In the present research, winter cereals were grown after the various spring cereals which can be attacked by R. cerealis as well as by R. solani. The research performed on spring cereals commodity plantations, show that most symptoms of sharp eyespot were noted in wheat, followed by triticale, barley and oats (Lemańczyk 2010b), which could have the reason of the infection of wheat grown after oats. However, it is important that residues, on which saprotrophic pathogens in soil develop, are close to the plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Preceding Crop and Weed Control in the Transmission of Rhizoctonia Cerealis and R. Solani to Winter Cereals

Lemańczyk¹

2012

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Abstract:Winter cereals (wheat, triticale, rye, barley) grown in experimental fields were assessed for sharp eyespot. Preceding crops (spring cereals and fallow) and weed control (herbicides application, no control) were taken into account. The health status evaluation was carried out at the stem elongation phase and at the milk maturity stage. The macroscopic estimation was accompanied by the analysis of fungal species identified on stem bases and roots, which showed various disease symptoms. The analysis of fungal species from the genus Rhizoctonia were especially noted. Mycological analysis of roots was carried out at the seedling growth and stem elongation phase, and stem bases at the seedling growth and milk maturity stage. Infection caused by Rhizoctonia spp. was confirmed by polymeraze chain reaction (PCR) assay. The highest infection was noted on wheat followed by triticale, rye and barley.Occurrence of sharp eyespot depended more on weed control than on what the preceding crop had been. At the milk maturity stage, lower severity of sharp eyespot of triticale, rye and barley was noted on plots not treated with herbicides, and on wheat with herbicide application. The research showed a significant effect of the preceding crop only on the health status of wheat. At the milk maturity stage, the highest infection was noted after spring triticale and the lowest after oats. Stems of cereals with sharp eyespot symptoms and healthy stems were settled mainly by Rhizoctonia cerealis (wheat -25.6%, triticale -12.0%, rye -22.2%, barley -11.3%), rarely by R. solani (respectively 6.0, 4.0, 2.9 and 1.8%). Rhizoctonia solani was isolated more often from roots with true eyespot and Fusarium foot rot symptoms. It may suggest that R. cerealis was the main causal agent of sharp eyespot on all tested cereals. The preceding crop did not affect the composition of Rhizoctonia species.

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Occurrence of Sharp Eyespot in Spring Cereals Grown in Some Regions of Poland

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Genetic structure and population diversity in the wheat sharp eyespot pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA

Genetic structure and population diversity in the wheat sharp eyespot pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA

Risk assessment posed by diseases in context of integrated management of wheat

The Role of the Preceding Crop and Weed Control in the Transmission of Rhizoctonia Cerealis and R. Solani to Winter Cereals

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