Occurrence of zearalenone in grains and its reduction by gamma radiation

Sebaei, Ahmed Salem; Sobhy, Hassan M.; Fouzy, A. S. M.; Hussain, Omaima

doi:10.1080/03067319.2020.1756282

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The effect of moisture is overt in our results, particularly when low radiation doses were used. This observation is in agreement with studies using ZEA [ 47 ] and using other mycotoxins [ 48 , 49 , 50 ]. The higher effect of radiation with water is justified by its radiolysis, in which water ionization occurs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This process involves a step where grain is soaked in water wherein the radiation can be applied. Recently, Sebaei and collaborators [ 47 ] studied detoxification efficiency of irradiation on food grains (wheat, white corn and yellow corn) and verified that wheat, which is lower in fat and higher in water, showed the highest reduction level, while corn, with a higher fat content and lower water content, showed a lower reduction level. More research is needed on food samples naturally contaminated with ZEA in order to conclude about the applicability of this method of detoxification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Gamma-Radiation on Zearalenone—Degradation, Cytotoxicity and Estrogenicity

Calado

Abrunhosa

Verde

et al. 2020

Foods

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Zearalenone (ZEA) is produced in cereals by different species of Fusarium, being a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin. Despite having a low acute toxicity, ZEA strongly interferes with estrogen receptors. Gamma-radiation has been investigated to eliminate mycotoxins from food and feed, showing promising results. The present study aims to investigate the gamma-radiation effect on ZEA at different moisture conditions and to evaluate the cytotoxicity and estrogenicity of the irradiated ZEA. Different concentrations of dehydrated ZEA and aqueous solutions of ZEA were exposed to gamma-radiation doses ranging from 0.4 to 8.6 kGy and the mycotoxin concentration determined after exposure by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. Following this, the cytotoxicity of irradiated samples was assessed in HepG2 cells, by measuring alterations of metabolic activity, plasma membrane integrity and lysosomal function, and their estrogenicity by measuring luciferase activity in HeLa 9903 cells. Gamma-radiation was found to be effective in reducing ZEA, with significant increases in degradation with increased moisture content. Furthermore, a reduction of cytotoxicity with irradiation was observed. ZEA estrogenicity was also increasingly reduced with increasing radiation doses, but mainly in aqueous solutions. These results suggest reduction of ZEA levels and of its toxicity in food and feed commodities may be achieved by irradiation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gamma-Radiation on Zearalenone—Degradation, Cytotoxicity and Estrogenicity

Calado

Abrunhosa

Verde

et al. 2020

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Traditionally, physical and chemical methods are usually used to eliminate or minimize ZEN. Physical treatments include high-temperature treatment [ 8 ], adsorption [ 9 , 10 ], and irradiation [ 11 ]. Chemical treatments include sodium carbonate soaking [ 12 ], ozone treatment [ 13 , 14 ] and hydrogen peroxide [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Pig-Derived Zearalenone-Degrading Bacteria through the Zearalenone Challenge Model, and Their Degradation Characteristics

Yang

Ning

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Zearalenone (ZEN) is widely found in food and feed. Its cytotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, genetic toxicity, immunotoxicity and hepatorenal toxicity have serious impacts on human and animal health. In order to help animals avoid ZEN poisoning in feed, ZEN-degrading bacterial strains were screened from fecal samples through a zearalenone challenge pig model, and their degradation characteristics were researched. Through the optimization of parameters such as the culture time, pH value, temperature, and strain concentration, the optimal conditions for the ZEN-degrading ability of these strains were preliminarily determined, and the active site of the ZEN degradation was explored. In this study, three strains (SY-3, SY-14, SY-20) with high ZEN degradation capacities were obtained. SY-3 was identified as Proteus mirabilis, and its main degrading component was the supernatant. SY-14 and SY-20 were identified as Bacillus subtilis. Their main degrading components were the intracellular fluid of SY-14, and the intracellular fluid and cell wall of SY-20. The above results showed that the ZEN challenge model was an effective way to screen ZEN-degrading bacteria.

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“…20745). We also determined the degradation ability, apparent characteristics, and degradation mechanism analysis [21]. Compared with FS10, the removal rate of ZEN by ZEN-S-FS10 has been greatly improved, and the required removal time has also been greatly shortened.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration on the Enhancement of Detoxification Ability of Zearalenone and Its Degradation Products of Aspergillus niger FS10 under Directional Stress of Zearalenone

Yang

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the most common mycotoxin contaminants in food. For food safety, an efficient and environmental-friendly approach to ZEN degradation is significant. In this study, an Aspergillus niger strain, FS10, was stimulated with 1.0 μg/mL ZEN for 24 h, repeating 5 times to obtain a stressed strain, Zearalenone-Stressed-FS10 (ZEN-S-FS10), with high degradation efficiency. The results show that the degradation rate of ZEN-S-FS10 to ZEN can be stabilized above 95%. Through metabolomics analysis of the metabolome difference of FS10 before and after ZEN stimulation, it was found that the change of metabolic profile may be the main reason for the increase in the degradation rate of ZEN. The optimization results of degradation conditions of ZEN-S-FS10 show that the degradation efficiency is the highest with a concentration of 104 CFU/mL and a period of 28 h. Finally, we analyzed the degradation products by UPLC-q-TOF, which shows that ZEN was degraded into two low-toxicity products: C18H22O8S (Zearalenone 4-sulfate) and C18H22O5 ((E)-Zearalenone). This provides a wide range of possibilities for the industrial application of this strain.

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Occurrence of zearalenone in grains and its reduction by gamma radiation

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of Gamma-Radiation on Zearalenone—Degradation, Cytotoxicity and Estrogenicity

Effect of Gamma-Radiation on Zearalenone—Degradation, Cytotoxicity and Estrogenicity

Screening of Pig-Derived Zearalenone-Degrading Bacteria through the Zearalenone Challenge Model, and Their Degradation Characteristics

Exploration on the Enhancement of Detoxification Ability of Zearalenone and Its Degradation Products of Aspergillus niger FS10 under Directional Stress of Zearalenone

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