Occurrences of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) crops under field conditions in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Alonso, Rodrigo; Racca-Filho, Francisco; Lima, Aurino Florencio de

doi:10.12741/ebrasilis.v5i1.170

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In addition to B. tabaci, other whitefly species such as Bemisia tuberculata , Tetraleurodes acaciae and Trialeurodes vaporariorum are known to be present in Brazil. For example B. tuberculata has been shown to colonize cassava plants in the states of São Paulo, Mato Grosso and Rio de Janeiro [9] , [10] , [11] , while the greenhouse whitefly T. vaporariorum , was associated with outbreaks in 2003 in horticultural and ornamental crops in the state of São Paulo [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Localization of Bacterial Endosymbionts from Whitefly Species Collected in Brazil

et al. 2014

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Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are sap-sucking insect pests, and some cause serious damage in agricultural crops by direct feeding and by transmitting plant viruses. Whiteflies maintain close associations with bacterial endosymbionts that can significantly influence their biology. All whitefly species harbor a primary endosymbiont, and a diverse array of secondary endosymbionts. In this study, we surveyed 34 whitefly populations collected from the states of Sao Paulo, Bahia, Minas Gerais and Parana in Brazil, for species identification and for infection with secondary endosymbionts. Sequencing the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I gene revealed the existence of five whitefly species: The sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci B biotype (recently termed Middle East-Asia Minor 1 or MEAM1), the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum, B. tabaci A biotype (recently termed New World 2 or NW2) collected only from Euphorbia, the Acacia whitefly Tetraleurodes acaciae and Bemisia tuberculata both were detected only on cassava. Sequencing rRNA genes showed that Hamiltonella and Rickettsia were highly prevalent in all MEAM1 populations, while Cardinium was close to fixation in only three populations. Surprisingly, some MEAM1 individuals and one NW2 population were infected with Fritschea. Arsenopnohus was the only endosymbiont detected in T. vaporariorum. In T. acaciae and B. tuberculata populations collected from cassava, Wolbachia was fixed in B. tuberculata and was highly prevalent in T. acaciae. Interestingly, while B. tuberculata was additionally infected with Arsenophonus, T. acaciae was infected with Cardinium and Fritschea. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis on representative individuals showed that Hamiltonella, Arsenopnohus and Fritschea were localized inside the bacteriome, Cardinium and Wolbachia exhibited dual localization patterns inside and outside the bacteriome, and Rickettsia showed strict localization outside the bacteriome. This study is the first survey of whitely populations collected in Brazil, and provides further insights into the complexity of infection with secondary endosymionts in whiteflies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Localization of Bacterial Endosymbionts from Whitefly Species Collected in Brazil

et al. 2014

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“…Whitefly species richness in cassava is just starting to be assessed and may be greater than reported here. Based on morphological characters, Alonso, Racca-Filho & Lima (2012) reported the presence of Aleurothrixus aepim and Trialeurodes manihoti colonizing cassava in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Although we did not analyze samples from that region, the failure to detect these species in other states suggests a restricted occurrence.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing the diversity of whiteflies infesting cassava in Brazil

Xavier

Nogueira

Bello

et al. 2021

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Background The necessity of a competent vector for transmission is a primary ecological factor driving the host range expansion of plant arthropod-borne viruses, with vectors playing an essential role in disease emergence. Cassava begomoviruses severely constrain cassava production in Africa. Curiously, begomoviruses have never been reported in cassava in South America, the center of origin for this crop. It has been hypothesized that the absence of a competent vector in cassava is the reason why begomoviruses have not emerged in South America. Methods We performed a country-wide whitefly diversity study in cassava in Brazil. Adults and/or nymphs of whiteflies were collected from sixty-six cassava fields in the main agroecological zones of the country. A total of 1,385 individuals were genotyped based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences. Results A high species richness was observed, with five previously described species and two putative new ones. The prevalent species were Tetraleurodes acaciae and Bemisia tuberculata, representing over 75% of the analyzed individuals. Although we detected, for the first time, the presence of Bemisia tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (BtMEAM1) colonizing cassava in Brazil, it was not prevalent. The species composition varied across regions, with fields in the Northeast region showing a higher diversity. These results expand our knowledge of whitefly diversity in cassava and support the hypothesis that begomovirus epidemics have not occurred in cassava in Brazil due to the absence of competent vector populations. However, they indicate an ongoing adaptation process of BtMEAM1 to cassava, increasing the likelihood of begomovirus emergence in this crop.

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“…No Brasil, há um número reduzido de aleirodídeos que são consideradas pragas, como Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (LOURENÇÃO et al, 2013, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood, 1856) (LOURENÇÃO et al, 2008 e Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, 1915(PENA et al, 2009. Eventualmente, outras espécies podem ocorrer em plantas cultivadas, em infestações esporádicas, como observado para Trialeurodes variabilis (Quaintance, 1900) em mamoeiro (FANCELLI et al, 2004) e Aleurothrixus aepim (Goeldi, 1886) em mandioca (ALONSO et al, 2012), entre os aleirodíneos. Ainda, entre os aleurodicíneos que ocorrem em espécies frutíferas, pode-se citar Aleurodicus cocois (Curtis, 1846), amplamente distribuído no Brasil, causando danos em cajueiro (CARVALHO et al, 1976), A. pseudugesii Martin, 2008, em coqueiro, em vários estados do nordeste brasileiro (OMENA et al, 2012), e Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi, 1971, P. crateraformans (Bondar, 1922, Dialeurodes citrifolii (Morgan, 1893), Aleurothrixus fl occosus (Maskell 1896), Aleurotrachelus cruzi (Cassino, 1991), Aleurothrixus porteri (Quaintance & Baker, 1916), em citros, em diversas cidades nos estados de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro (CASSINO & NASCIMENTO, 1999).…”

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