Ocean acidification causes mortality in the medusa stage of the cubozoan Carybdea xaymacana

Chuard, Pierre; Johnson, Maggie D.; Guichard, Frédéric

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42121-0

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Indeed, experiments by Winans and Purcell (2010) as well as Knowles (2012) instead suggest a negative influence of lower pH on metabolism and statolith formation in jellyfish, but with unknown consequences for the organisms and their ecological fitness. Previous work indicated a possible direct negative effect on the metabolism of hydrozoans leading to increased mortality in experiments with box jellies (cubozoae) at a pH of 7.5 (Chuard et al, 2019). The authors proposed a lethal reduction in cubozoae metabolic rates caused by acidoses, which has already been observed for a wide range of organisms exposed to enhanced acidification (Pörtner et al, 2005).…”

Section: Treatment Effects On Hydrozoamentioning

confidence: 92%

Ocean Acidification Alters the Predator – Prey Relationship Between Hydrozoa and Fish Larvae

et al. 2022

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Anthropogenic CO2 emissions cause a drop in seawater pH and shift the inorganic carbon speciation. Collectively, the term ocean acidification (OA) summarizes these changes. Few studies have examined OA effects on predatory plankton, e.g. Hydrozoa and fish larvae as well as their interaction in complex natural communities. Because Hydrozoa can seriously compete with and prey on other higher-level predators such as fish, changes in their abundances may have significant consequences for marine food webs and ecosystem services. To investigate the interaction between Hydrozoa and fish larvae influenced by OA, we enclosed a natural plankton community in Raunefjord, Norway, for 53 days in eight ≈ 58 m³ pelagic mesocosms. CO2 levels in four mesocosms were increased to ≈ 2000 µatm pCO2, whereas the other four served as untreated controls. We studied OA-induced changes at the top of the food web by following ≈2000 larvae of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) hatched inside each mesocosm during the first week of the experiment, and a Hydrozoa population that had already established inside the mesocosms. Under OA, we detected 20% higher abundance of hydromedusae staged jellyfish, but 25% lower biomass. At the same time, survival rates of Atlantic herring larvae were higher under OA (control pCO2: 0.1%, high pCO2: 1.7%) in the final phase of the study. These results indicate that a decrease in predation pressure shortly after hatch likely shaped higher herring larvae survival, when hydromedusae abundance was lower in the OA treatment compared to control conditions. We conclude that indirect food-web mediated OA effects drove the observed changes in the Hydrozoa – fish relationship, based on significant changes in the phyto-, micro-, and mesoplankton community under high pCO2. Ultimately, the observed immediate consequences of these changes for fish larvae survival and the balance of the Hydrozoa – fish larvae predator – prey relationship has important implications for the functioning of oceanic food webs.

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Section: Treatment Effects On Hydrozoamentioning

confidence: 92%

Ocean Acidification Alters the Predator – Prey Relationship Between Hydrozoa and Fish Larvae

et al. 2022

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“…The Loligo Systems OmniCTRL (formerly CapCTRL) system costs approximately $7,500 USD (7,108 euros) to control a single aquarium, plus about $2100 (1,893 euros) for each additional tank. At the top end of the hobbyist market is the Neptune ApexEL, costing $560 USD, which is often used for ocean acidification experiments [12] . The most inexpensive hobbyist pH controller unit is the American Marine Inc.…”

Section: Hardware In Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Open acidification Tank Controller: An open-source device for the control of pH and temperature in ocean acidification experiments

Onthank¹,

Foster²,

Carman³

et al. 2023

HardwareX

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“…Ocean acidification caused by human activity can be a factor leading to jellyfish population decreases. Pierre J. C. Chuard and his colleagues found that ocean acidification caused the mortality rate of a specific jellyfish named Carybdea xaymacana to increase during its medusa stage [18]. Research has found that jellyfish become more sensitive and challenging to handle when the pH level of the ocean decreases.…”

Section: Negative Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact, Responses and Future Prediction of Climate Change on the Phenology of Jellyfish

Liu

2023

TNS

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Climate variation can be devastating to marine life. This essay mainly focuses on how jellyfish cope with changes in ocean temperature and whether they benefit or are also affected by the population's decline. In terms of whether jellyfish benefit from climate change, this paper focuses on two case studies: the mass propagation of jellyfish in the coastal areas of China and the abundance change of jellyfish in the Bering Sea area. The results conclude that jellyfish are increasing because of climate change. However, for the case study on the decrease of the race caused by the influence of jellyfish, this paper only found that it occurred in Humboldt Current, West Greenland Shelf, and Oyashio Current. Through comparative study, this paper demonstrates that jellyfish mainly benefited from climate variation because overfishing significantly reduced their predators. Critical species of the Marine food chain were transformed into flagellates. Flagellates reduce the oxygen content in the ocean. In addition, the paper found that the mortality of individual jellyfish in the study was increased by ocean acidification due to climate change. The increase in mortality rate is because the jellyfish's reproductive and body functions are greatly affected, leading to higher mortality. This discovery proves that there are still a few jellyfish that could be negatively affected by climate change. As a result, jellyfish, with their simple but adaptable bodies, gradually replaced fish as the dominant creatures in the water. Since studies of jellyfish and their corresponding measures are still scarce, researchers will need more attention to these small and unremarkable creatures in the future. Even in the face of human overfishing, their numbers are still more significant than the correct number. To restore the marine ecosystem balance, scientists must do something to reduce the number of jellyfish in the ocean.

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Ocean acidification causes mortality in the medusa stage of the cubozoan Carybdea xaymacana

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Ocean Acidification Alters the Predator – Prey Relationship Between Hydrozoa and Fish Larvae

Ocean Acidification Alters the Predator – Prey Relationship Between Hydrozoa and Fish Larvae

The Open acidification Tank Controller: An open-source device for the control of pH and temperature in ocean acidification experiments

Impact, Responses and Future Prediction of Climate Change on the Phenology of Jellyfish

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