Ocean Acidification in the Surface Waters of the Pacific-Arctic Boundary Regions

Mathis, Jeremy T.; Cross, Jessica N.; Evans, Wiley; Doney, Scott C.

doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.36

Cited by 56 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Calculations assume T = 2 °C, S = 32, and [ O 2 sat ] = 340 μmol/kg. To determine biological impact on p CO 2 we first determined DIC for a system in equilibrium with the atmosphere ( pCO 2 sw = 394 μatm) using a total alkalinity of 2110 μmol/kg (e.g., comparable to surface values observed in the NE Chukchi in 2012, Mathis et al, ). We then calculated addition/removal of DIC corresponding to given O 2 changes using a − ∆O 2 / ∆CO 2 = 1.2 (Laws, ; we chose this value to account for growth supported by both NO 3 − and NH 4 + given significant concentrations of both in bottom waters).…”

Section: Relationships Between Net Biological Production and δPco2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Biologically Mediated CO₂ Uptake in the Pacific Arctic During the Late Open Water Season

Juranek

Takahashi

Mathis³

et al. 2019

JGR Oceans

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Shifting baselines in the Arctic atmosphere‐sea ice‐ocean system have significant potential to alter biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem dynamics. In particular, the impact of increased open water duration on lower trophic level productivity and biological CO2 sequestration is poorly understood. Using high‐resolution observations of surface seawater dissolved O2/Ar and pCO2 collected in the Pacific Arctic in October 2011 and 2012, we evaluate spatial variability in biological metabolic status (autotrophy vs heterotrophy) as constrained by O2/Ar saturation (∆O2/Ar) as well as the relationship between net biological production and the sea‐air gradient of pCO2 (∆pCO2). We find a robust relationship between ∆pCO2 and ∆O2/Ar (correlation coefficient of −0.74 and −0.61 for 2011 and 2012, respectively), which suggests that biological production in the late open water season is an important determinant of the air‐sea CO2 gradient at a timeframe of maximal ocean uptake for CO2 in this region. Patchiness in biological production as indicated by ∆O2/Ar suggests spatially variable nutrient supply mechanisms supporting late season growth amidst a generally strongly stratified and nutrient‐limited condition.

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Section: Relationships Between Net Biological Production and δPco2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Biologically Mediated CO₂ Uptake in the Pacific Arctic During the Late Open Water Season

Juranek

Takahashi

Mathis³

et al. 2019

JGR Oceans

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“…In turn, many subsistence communities rely on seals, walrus, salmon, and other large predators. While biological impacts of OA are not presently visible, it is likely that OA conditions will intensify over the next two to three decades and may produce more prominent food web impacts with economic, ecological, and cultural implications (Mathis et al 2015b;Punt et al 2016). …”

Section: Sidebar 52: Arctic Ocean Acidification-j N Cross and J Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past five years, ocean acidification has emerged as one of the most prominent issues in marine research, especially given newfound public understanding of the potential biological threat to marine calcifiers (e.g., clams, pteropods) and associated fisheries, and the human impacts it poses for communities that directly or indirectly rely on them (e.g., Mathis et al 2015a;Frisch et al 2015). Cooler water and unique physical processes (i.e., formation and melting of sea ice) make the waters of the Arctic Ocean disproportionately sensitive to OA when compared to the rest of the global ocean.…”

Section: Sidebar 52: Arctic Ocean Acidification-j N Cross and J Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the specifics remain uncertain, it is likely that the consequences of continuing OA will be detrimental for parts of the Arctic food web (Mathis et al 2015a). For example, many large predators (e.g., seals, walrus, and salmon) rely on the small marine calcifiers most likely to be impacted by OA (Cross et al 2017).…”

Section: Sidebar 52: Arctic Ocean Acidification-j N Cross and J Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State of the Climate in 2016

Aaron-Morrison¹,

Ackerman²,

Adams³

et al. 2017

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

154

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“…Cold water dissolves more CO 2 , large freshwater inputs from rivers and sea ice melt reduce calcium ion concentrations and alkalinity, the buffering capacity of seawater to added CO 2 (Salisbury, 2008;Yamamoto-Kawai et al, 2011), and respiration at the bottom of a salt stratified water column accumulates CO 2 in bottom water (Bates et al, 2009). Because of these characteristics, both surface and bottom waters of Arctic shelf seas exhibit naturally low compared to other ocean waters (e.g., Fabry et al, 2009;Mathis et al, 2015;Yamamoto-Kawai et al, 2013). The Chukchi Sea is one of these seas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of CaCO<sub>3</sub> saturation state in bottom water of a biological hotspot in the Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Distribution of calcium carbonate saturation state ( ) was observed in the Chukchi Sea in autumn 2012 and early summer 2013. in bottom water ranged from 0.3 to 2.0 for aragonite and from 0.5 to 3.2 for calcite in 2012. In 2013, in bottom water was 1.1-2.8 for aragonite and 1.7-4.4 for calcite. Aragonite and calcite undersaturation was found in high productivity regions in autumn 2012 but not in early summer 2013. Comparison with other parameters has indicated that biological processes -respiration and photosynthesis -are major factors controlling the regional and temporal variability of . From these ship-based observations, we have obtained empirical equations to reconstruct from temperature, salinity and apparent oxygen utilization. Using 2-year-round mooring data and these equations, we have reconstructed seasonal variation of in bottom water in Hope Valley, a biological hotspot in the southern Chukchi Sea. Estimated was high in spring and early summer, decreased in later summer, and remained relatively low in winter. Calculations indicated a possibility that bottom water could have been undersaturated for aragonite on an intermittent basis even in the pre-industrial period, and that anthropogenic CO 2 has extended the period of aragonite undersaturation to more than 2-fold longer by now.

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Ocean Acidification in the Surface Waters of the Pacific-Arctic Boundary Regions

Cited by 56 publications

References 65 publications

Significant Biologically Mediated CO₂ Uptake in the Pacific Arctic During the Late Open Water Season

Significant Biologically Mediated CO₂ Uptake in the Pacific Arctic During the Late Open Water Season

State of the Climate in 2016

Seasonal variation of CaCO<sub>3</sub> saturation state in bottom water of a biological hotspot in the Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean

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Ocean Acidification in the Surface Waters of the Pacific-Arctic Boundary Regions

Cited by 56 publications

References 65 publications

Significant Biologically Mediated CO2 Uptake in the Pacific Arctic During the Late Open Water Season

Significant Biologically Mediated CO2 Uptake in the Pacific Arctic During the Late Open Water Season

State of the Climate in 2016

Seasonal variation of CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; saturation state in bottom water of a biological hotspot in the Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean

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Significant Biologically Mediated CO₂ Uptake in the Pacific Arctic During the Late Open Water Season

Significant Biologically Mediated CO₂ Uptake in the Pacific Arctic During the Late Open Water Season

Seasonal variation of CaCO<sub>3</sub> saturation state in bottom water of a biological hotspot in the Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean