Octadecyl acrylate – Methyl methacrylate block and gradient copolymers from ATRP: Comb-like stabilizers for the preparation of micro- and nano-particles of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(acrylonitrile) by non-aqueous dispersion polymerization

Dispersion polymerization in non-polar solvent: Evolution toward emerging applications

“…A minimum of 60 mol% solubilising PODA block was required to produce stable particle dispersions. Generally, it was observed that with increasing stabilizer concentration, smaller PAN particles were obtained [16,95,96]. With the PDMS-b-PS-b-PDMS stabilizer, increasing stabilizer coverage encouraged more exposed tails, leading to greater particle stability.…”

“…The synthesized particles were subsequently cleaned by repeated centrifugation and redispersed in ethane, propane, butane, pentane, xenon and liquid PDMS [65] and exhibited weak flocculation in ethyl acetate [16]. (PODA-b-PMMA) synthesized by ATRP [96]. Two types of stabilizer were made; gradient copolymer synthesized from copper (I) salt and block copolymer from PMMA macroinitiator.…”

The internal structure of poly(methyl methacrylate) latexes in nonpolar solvents

“…Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) latexes, originally developed through an industrial-academic collaboration between the University of Bristol and ICI [22,23], have proved an essential tool for colloid scientists to develop new technologies and study fundamental interactions in nonpolar media. These PMMA latexes are typically sterically-stabilized with poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) (PHSA) brushes, although there is active research into developing other effective steric stabilizers [8,[24][25][26][27][28]. They are generally dispersed in either n-alkanes or in mixed solvents to achieve density or refractive index matching (typically decalin and either brominated cycloalkanes or carbon disulfide) [29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Dispersion polymerization of styrene using a polystyrene/poly(l-glutamic acid) block copolymer as a stabilizer

“…Because of the direct participation of stabilizer in formation of the particles, type and concentration of stabilizer are key elements in control of dispersion polymerization [1,2]. Thus, several kinds of amphiphilic homopolymers [3][4][5], macromonomers [2,6,7], and block copolymers [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] have been reported as effective stabilizers. In our previous publication, dispersion polymerization of styrene using block copolymers composed of polystyrene (PS) and poly(aminomethyl styrene) gave narrowly-distributed PS particles, which were covered with highly functional amino groups in the poly(aminomethyl styrene), although a poly(aminomethyl styrene) homopolymer was not an effective stabilizer [13].…”