Ocular allergy treatment comparisons: Azelastine and olopatadine

Bielory, Leonard; Buddiga, Praveen; Bigelson, Stephen

doi:10.1007/s11882-004-0078-1

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The compound is now in additional confirmatory clinical phase III as a 1% and 2% solution and expected to be approved by 2005 [80]. A review article on the development of new therapeutical schemes for dry eye syndrome has recently appeared discussing P2Y 2 agonists among alternative strategies [158].…”

Section: Dry Eye Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

P2 Receptors Activated by Uracil Nucleotides - An Update

Brunschweiger¹,

Müller²

2006

CMC

134

174

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Pyrimidine nucleotides, including UTP, UDP and UDP-glucose, are important signaling molecules which activate G protein-coupled membrane receptors (GPCRs) of the P2Y family. Four distinct pyrimidine nucleotide-sensitive P2Y receptor subtypes have been cloned, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6 and P2Y14. P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors are activated by UTP (the P2Y2, and the rat but not the human P2Y4 receptor are also activated by ATP), the P2Y6 receptor is activated by UDP, and the P2Y14 receptor by UDP-glucose. Furthermore, non-P2Y GPCRs, the cysteinylleukotriene receptors (CysLT1R and CysLT2R) have been described to be activated by UDP in addition to activation by cysteinylleukotrienes. While P2Y2, P2Y4, and P2Y6 receptor activation results in stimulation of phospholipase C, the P2Y14 receptor is coupled to inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Derivatives and analogs of the physiological nucleotides UTP, UDP and ATP have been synthesized and evaluated in order to obtain enzymatically stable, subtype-selective agonists. The P2Y2 receptor agonists diuridine tetraphosphate (diquafosol) and the uracil-cytosine dinucleotide denufosol are currently undergoing clinical trials for dry eye disease, retinal detachment disease, upper respiratory tract symptoms, and cystic fibrosis, respectively. The first antagonists for P2Y2 and P2Y6 receptors that appear to be selective versus other P2Y receptor subtypes have recently been described. Selective antagonists for P2Y4 and P2Y14 receptors are still lacking. Uracil nucleotide-sensitive P2Y receptor subtypes may constitute future targets for the treatment of certain cancer types, vascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, and immunomodulatory intervention. They have also been proposed to play a role in neurodegenerative diseases. This article is an updated version of "P2-Pyrimidinergic Receptors and Their Ligands" by C. E. Müller published in Curr. Pharm. Des. 2002, 8, 2353-2369.

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Section: Dry Eye Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

P2 Receptors Activated by Uracil Nucleotides - An Update

Brunschweiger¹,

Müller²

2006

CMC

134

174

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“…These results show inhibition of released histamine from mast cell. Azelastine hydrochloride has multiple pharmacologic actions, including antihistamine, mast cell stabilization (Chand et al, 1983;Bielory et al, 2004). From the histopathological studies, we found that ratio of degranulated to non-degranulated mast cells was less in the TC, RC and AZ HCl groups as compared to the ratio in IM-CON group which suggests mast cell stabilization action of these drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Inhibitory effects of Tinospora cordifolia and Rubia cordifolia Linn. on egg albumin-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis in rats

Zalawadia¹,

Chintan²,

Vaibhav³

et al. 2009

Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine

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SUMMARYAllergic conjunctivitis is the most common allergic disease. These diseases are severe & frequent which requires search of new treatments. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Tinospora cordifolia (TC), Rubia cordifolia Linn. (RC) on experimentally induced allergic conjunctivitis in rats. In this study, dried water soluble extracts of TC and RC. (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o. for 7 days) were evaluated for their antiallergic activity in Wistar rats. They were tested for inhibition of egg albumin-induced vascular permeability, inhibition of histamine release from the rat conjunctiva as well as in histamine content in tears. TC and RC showed significant (P < 0.05) inhibition in vascular permeability, inhibition in histamine release from the rat conjunctiva which is reflected by reduced level of histamine content in tears. The activities were found to be comparable to azelastine hydrochloride. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect on egg albumin-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis in rat may be due to the antihistaminic activity of TC and RC. Our studies provide evidence that TC and RC may be beneficial in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.

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“…36 Second-generation agents have lower lipid solubility, which reduces their ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, improving their side effect profile particularly with regard to sedation. [37][38][39] Because a significant proportion of patients with ocular allergy complain of dryness related to their allergies or have comorbid dry eye symptoms, these individuals may benefit from discontinuing therapy with first-generation oral antihistamines.…”

Section: Oral Antihistaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An algorithm for the management of allergic conjunctivitis

Bielory

Meltzer²,

Nichols³

et al. 2013

allergy asthma proc

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Allergic conjunctivitis has been reported to be increasing in prevalence in the United States. It significantly impacts patient quality of life and reduces their productivity. It has been noted that nasal and ocular symptoms are equally bothersome in the majority of patients. Despite the development of new therapeutic interventions, ocular allergy is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. This article outlines current best practices regarding diagnosis and treatment of allergic conjunctivitis; suggests criteria for referral to a colleague with different expertise; and provides an algorithm for step recommendations including treatment with antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunotherapy.

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Ocular allergy treatment comparisons: Azelastine and olopatadine

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

P2 Receptors Activated by Uracil Nucleotides - An Update

P2 Receptors Activated by Uracil Nucleotides - An Update

Inhibitory effects of Tinospora cordifolia and Rubia cordifolia Linn. on egg albumin-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis in rats

An algorithm for the management of allergic conjunctivitis

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