Ocular Manifestations in Epstein Barr Virus Infection

Victor, Andi Arus

doi:10.5772/intechopen.93721

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Furthermore, presuming the prevalence of EBV in the majority of the population, it appears that the switch from latent to lytic could have had an important play in the individuals with PFR compared with the control group. On the other hand, several studies also indicated ophthalmic manifestation due to EBV infection in oculoglandular syndrome, dry eye syndrome, dacryoadenitis, conjunctivitis, episcleritis, keratitis, uveitis, choroiditis, retinitis, retinal vasculitis, and papillitis (57). At this juncture, it is worthwhile mentioning that the development of retinitis could have multiple etiological agents (bacteria, fungi, and viruses).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Intraocular Viral Communities Associated With Post-fever Retinitis

et al. 2021

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The virome of ocular fluids is naive. The results of this study highlight the virome in the vitreous fluid of the eye of individuals without any ocular infection and compare it with the virome of the vitreous fluid of individuals with retinitis. A total of 1,016,037 viral reads were generated from 25 vitreous fluid samples comprising control and post-fever retinitis (PFR) samples. The top 10 viral families in the vitreous fluids comprised of Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, Phycodnaviridae, Herpesviridae, Poxviridae, Iridoviridae, Podoviridae, Retroviridae, Baculoviridae, and Flaviviridae. Principal coordinate analysis and heat map analysis clearly discriminated the virome of the vitreous fluid of the controls from that of the PFR virome. The abundance of 10 viral genera increased significantly in the vitreous fluid virome of the post-fever retinitis group compared with the control group. Genus Lymphocryptovirus, comprising the human pathogen Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) that is also implicated in ocular infections was significantly abundant in eight out of the nine vitreous fluid viromes of post-fever retinitis group samples compared with the control viromes. Human viruses, such as Hepacivirus, Circovirus, and Kobuvirus, were also significantly increased in abundance in the vitreous fluid viromes of post-fever retinitis group samples compared with the control viromes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional analysis and the network analysis depicted an increase in the immune response by the host in the post-fever retinitis group compared with the control group. All together, the results of the study indicate changes in the virome in the vitreous fluid of patients with the post-fever retinitis group compared to the control group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Intraocular Viral Communities Associated With Post-fever Retinitis

et al. 2021

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“…These antibodies are found in 90% of adults with primary EBV infection (Womack & Jimenez 2015). IgM usually reaches its peak levels between the second and third week of an acute infection and may remain positive up to one year (Womack & Jimenez 2015;Andi Arus Victor 2020). The test has a 25% falsenegative rate in the first week of disease.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior segment involvement in Epstein–Barr virus: a review

Alba‐Linero

Rocha‐de‐Lossada

Rachwani-Anil

et al. 2021

Acta Ophthalmologica

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The aim of this study is to describe the involvement of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in the diseases of the ocular anterior segment. This is a narrative review designed using the PUBMED, SCOPE and Web of Science databases, searching for reported literature on findings in the anterior ocular segment related to EBV between 1990 and 2020. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is implicated in the development of salmoncoloured conjunctival masses in the context of acute mononucleosis and lymphoproliferative disorders. Moreover, EBV can cause haemorrhagic conjunctivitis and its corneal implications appear as different types of keratitis patterns. The involvement of EBV in the pathogenesis of anterior segment inflammation is not well-defined. Current evidence regarding anterior segment disease caused by EBV infection has been proved by positive viral detection through polymerase chain reaction test in eyes with lymphoproliferative disorders known to be caused by EBV, as B-and NK/T-cell lymphoid tumours. Antiviral treatment (oral Aciclovir or Valaciclovir) in anterior segment disease caused by EBV remains controversial.

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Antiviral Nanomedicine-Based Approaches against Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

Abdelmonem,

Abdullah,

Bastawecy

et al. 2024

Curr Treat Options Infect Dis

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Purpose of Review The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common virus around the globe with approximately 98% of adults testing positive against EBV. However, EBV infection typically begins early in the childhood. Owing to the ability to infect various body organ, EBV is linked to a broad spectrum of symptoms, diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Moreover, since EBV exists in both latent and replicating forms in most healthy individuals, any disruption in the balance between the virus and its host can lead to the development of different diseases, including autoimmune disorders and cancer. Given these circumstances, we draw attention to the crucial need for developing prophylactic measures and treatments for EBV and its associated diseases. Recent Findings We propose leveraging the advantages of nanomedicine, such as ferritin and iron oxide nanoparticles, for the creation of EBV vaccines. These advancements can also be applied to developing drugs to treat EBV-associated diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and cytokine storm syndrome. Summary We emphasize the urgency of having accessible EBV vaccines, as well as effective treatments for EBV-related diseases, especially when early diagnosis is involved. This approach, which includes comprehensive cytokine profiling for patients, can significantly enhance the effectiveness of treatment programs.

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Ocular Manifestations in Epstein Barr Virus Infection

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Intraocular Viral Communities Associated With Post-fever Retinitis

Intraocular Viral Communities Associated With Post-fever Retinitis

Anterior segment involvement in Epstein–Barr virus: a review

Antiviral Nanomedicine-Based Approaches against Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

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