Ocular, Naso-Maxillary, and Neural Anomalies in Raccoons, Procyon Lotor (L.)

Render, James A.; Kazacos, Evelyn A.; Kazacos, Kevin R.; Vestre, W. A.; Carlton, William W.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-19.3.234

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Although MEC/MCs have been described in dogs and cats, 1 – 12 and also occasionally reported in other species, including calves, 14 – 18 pigs, 19 a rabbit 20 and a raccoon, 21 most of those animals were euthanased or treated conservatively. Medical management has been suggested for 22 dogs with MC/MEC and mild neurological signs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Goals include removing the dural sac, preserving functional brain tissue and obtaining adequate wound closure. 1 Although MEC/MCs have been described in dogs and cats, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and also occasionally reported in other species, including calves, [14][15][16][17][18] pigs, 19 a rabbit 20 and a raccoon, 21 most of those animals were euthanased or treated conservatively. Medical management has been suggested for 22 dogs with MC/MEC and mild neurological signs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polysulfone tailor-made implant for the surgical correction of a frontoparietal meningoencephalocoele in a cat

Mariné¹,

Pumarola

Feliu‐Pascual³

2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summary A 6-week-old entire female domestic shorthair cat was presented for evaluation of a soft bulge and a palpable skull defect on the forehead, present since adoption a few days earlier. The neurological examination revealed an absent menace response bilaterally and apparent blindness, localising the lesion to the occipital cortex. The main differential diagnoses were meningocoele (MC) and meningoencephalocoele (MEC). Surgical repair was proposed once the cat reached adult size. Meanwhile, the cat developed seizures and was treated with anticonvulsant therapy. At 6 months of age, CT confirmed a frontoparietal MEC with associated porencephaly. Based on a three-dimensional printed skull mould, a polysulfone implant was created. The meninges were dissected from the skin, a durectomy was performed and samples of the protruding brain were obtained. Part of the cerebrospinal fluid was drained until the size of the protruding brain decreased enough to be included below the implant that was anchored on top of the skull with cerclages. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of MEC. Three years and 7 months later, the cat had partially recovered vision but continued to seize monthly despite antiepileptic drugs. Relevance and novel information MC/MEC is a relatively uncommon disease reported in companion animals, and only four cases of surgical management have been described, and did not use a polysulfone tailor-made implant. In human medicine, surgical intervention is the treatment of choice. This case highlights a new implant option for surgical correction of MEC with good long-term result and no complications after 3 years and 7 months.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysulfone tailor-made implant for the surgical correction of a frontoparietal meningoencephalocoele in a cat

Mariné¹,

Pumarola

Feliu‐Pascual³

2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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“…Congenital abnormalities affecting the nervous system or other body systems that can cause adverse effect on the nervous system are rare, and only 1 documentation of a report of ocular and nasomaxillary anomalies with neural defects has been published. 95 However, during a field safety trial of the vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein (V-RG) vaccine, 72 a raccoon with a unilateral micro-ophthalmia was observed (Hamir AN et al, unpublished data).…”

Section: Miscellaneous Conditions Of Unknown Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology of neurologic disorders of raccoons (Procyon lotor)

Hamir

2011

J VET Diagn Invest

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The raccoon (Procyon lotor) is almost ubiquitous in North America. In recent times, it was introduced in many parts of the world where it has now become largely feral. Since the outbreak of raccoon rabies epizootic in eastern United States and Canada, most diagnostic laboratories have had increased numbers of raccoon carcasses or raccoon brain submissions for diagnosis of rabies. However, since a number of other diseases that affect the central nervous system and have similar clinical signs as rabies have been documented in this species, the current review attempts to bring together the published information on neurologic disorders of raccoons.

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“…One of the raccoons had a concurrent meningoencephalocele and the other had a chorioretinal coloboma with retinal dysplasia and folding. 21 Congenital cataracts and corneal dermoids were reported in a 5-week-old camel. 17 Horses, particularly Quarter horses, have occasionally been diagnosed with colobomata, microphthalmia, and corneal dermoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Congenital Ocular Abnormalities in Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer

et al. 2018

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Congenital ocular abnormalities in cervids have been previously reported as individual cases from various regions of the United States and include microphthalmia, anophthalmia, congenital cataracts, dermoids, and colobomata. A common underlying cause for these abnormalities, such as nutritional deficiencies, environmental toxin exposures, or genetic mutations, has not been established. This retrospective study summarized and compared cases of suspected congenital ocular abnormalities in free-ranging white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) submitted to the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS) in Athens, Georgia, to the preexisting literature. Of 3645 accessions of white-tailed deer submitted to SCWDS, 15 qualifying case records were found. An additional 15 cases were reported previously in the literature. Conditions described in SCWDS cases included microphthalmia (8/15), congenital cataracts (3/15), anophthalmia (2/15), colobomata (1/15), anterior segment dysgenesis (1/15), ectopic lacrimal gland tissue (1/15), and congenital blindness with corneal opacity (1/15). Most (11/15; 73%) of the SCWDS cases were male fawns with an average age of 4 months at presentation, consistent with previously described cases. Most animals had bilateral abnormalities with few extraocular congenital abnormalities, also consistent with existing reports. Cases were variably tested for various infectious agents at the time of submission; 2 cases were seropositive for bluetongue virus. Spatiotemporal clustering of cases was not evident. This study provided a concise and systematic summary of known existing cases of congenital ocular defects in fawns but did not identify a cause.

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Ocular, Naso-Maxillary, and Neural Anomalies in Raccoons, Procyon Lotor (L.)

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Polysulfone tailor-made implant for the surgical correction of a frontoparietal meningoencephalocoele in a cat

Polysulfone tailor-made implant for the surgical correction of a frontoparietal meningoencephalocoele in a cat

Pathology of neurologic disorders of raccoons (Procyon lotor)

Congenital Ocular Abnormalities in Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer

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