Ocupação e género: uma análise dos efeitos da segmentação ocupacional e da discriminação de género para o Brasil

Abstract

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos da segmentação ocupacional sobre os rendimentos dos trabalhadores e a discriminação de gênero intraocu-pacional no Brasil. Estimaram-se as equações salariais com correção do viés de seleção amostral e efetuou-se a decomposição salarial de Oaxaca-Blinder, a partir dos microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios – PNAD 2015. Confi rmou-se a segmentação do mercado de trabalho no Brasil, sendo o seu efeito mais intenso no grupo ocupacional de Dirigentes e Profi ssionais das Ciências e das Artes, comparado ao grupo dos Trabalhadores dos serviços e da produção. Há discriminação intraocupacional de salários contra a mulher, maior para ocupações de liderança e inferior para os trabalhadores envolvidos na execução de atividades.

About sad legacies: a study of the intergenerational occupational legacy in Brazil

“…This tradition contributes to the permanence of wage differences between gender, as seen in the studies by Cacciamali and Hirata (2005), Salvato et al (2008), Souza (2011), Gomes (2016) and Mantovani (2018). Table 4 shows hourly wages of workers by gender and occupational inheritance.…”

“…Living in an urban region also contributes to a higher salary compared to the rural region, and the percentage varies between the percentiles, from 7.2% to 18.9% for the median (q50) and percentile (q10), respectively. Therefore, we can argue the lowest paid workers (q10) are the biggest beneficiaries of living in an urban region, converging to the results of Mantovani (2018).…”

“…Several works have already been developed considering these databases, and we just suggest some of them for clarifying the importance and comprehension of this database. (Salvato et al , 2008; Souza, 2011; Souza and Gomes, 2015; Mantovani, 2018; Paiva, 2019).…”

“…Empirical studies have been developed to test these theories, regarding the insertion and remuneration in the labor market. In Brazil, Soares (2000), Salvato et al (2008), Souza (2011), Souza and Gomes (2015), Gomes (2016), Mantovani (2018) and Paiva (2019), using various methodologies, identified that the characteristics of individuals determine the choices on the part of employers, such as candidates’ education, experience, age, gender, race or socioeconomic status, among others. Higher educated men, with more professional experience and with better socioeconomic status obtained the best jobs.…”

“…Empirical studies confirm the influence of the variables pointed out by the theories, such as education and experience (human capital); economic sector and occupations (dual market) and also gender and color (discrimination), both in determining the occupational allocation and in work remuneration. (Cacciamali and Hirata, 2005; Salvato et al , 2008; Souza and Gomes, 2015; Gomes, 2016; Mantovani, 2018; Paiva, 2019).…”