Od „Made in China” do „Created in China” – droga Chin do supremacji innowacyjnej

Abstract

From “Made in China” to “Created in China” – China’s way to innovation supremacy China is not only a country of cheap production (“Made in China”). China is becoming more and more innovative, as evidenced by its growing position in the annual Global Innovation Index (GII) ranking. Over the past decade, China has become an emerging superpower while the economic position of the United States and the European Union has weakened. The purpose of this article is to answer the question of whether the US innovation supremacy becoming the past. The role of China is growing as a result of departing from “Made in China” and illegally obtained technological solutions in favor of innovation and technologically advanced production “Created in China.” Huawei is one of the most innovative companies in the world. The analysis is carried out in the context of the significance of the Thucydides trap in the technological war between the United States and China and the location of changes in the innovativeness of both countries in the aspect of the Kondratiev cycle. Additionally, China may come out stronger from the pandemic that has changed the whole world.

Bilateral Trade By Products Between the V4 Countries and China in Years 2009–2019

“…China became the second-largest global economy and the largest exporter in the world. Over the past decade, China has become an emerging power, while the economic position of the United States and the European Union has weakened (Pangsy-Kania, 2021). Key to the Chinese success story was an export-oriented economic strategy.…”

Blue Economic Corridors as a Part of the Belt and Road Initiative and Their Implications for The World Economy

“…In 2021, the G7 countries decided to create a strategic opposition to the BRI and launched the Build Back Better World (B3W) initiative, which is to mobilize infrastructure investment in Global South. This undertaking is evidently an effect of geostrategic competition [Pangsy-Kania, 2021], but it may also be perceived as a complement to the BRI. It is already noticed that the participation of Western countries (vide Italy) in the BRI projects together with China neutralizes threats and risks [Bieliński, Michałowski, Oziewicz, 2020: 75-81].…”

“…On the other hand, it creates some risks to small local business, similarly to such a problem in other regions. The aim of route 2 (Table 4) is to develop infrastructure and increase economic connectivity between China, Oceania, the South Pacific, while Australia intends to consolidate its leadership in this region [Pangsy-Kania, Kania, 2021]. The third blue corridor (Table 5) brings high number of reservations, but also numerous positive sides.…”