Odlaganje Otpada Nastalog Tokom Istraživanja I Eksploataciji Nafte I Plina Pomoću Bušotina Utiskivanjem U Podzemlje I Mogućnost Praćenja Utiskivanja

Abstract

REZIMEUtiskivanje mješavine koristi se za odlaganje industrijskog otpada nastalog tokom istraživanja i eksploatacije nafte i plina. Taj otpad je uglavnom slojna voda, isplaka koja se koristila pri bušenju, sitnozrni naftni pijesak i naftom zagađena voda. Ovaj se način odlaganja otpada može proširiti na velike zapremine čvrstog i tečnog otpada uz razuman trošak i nizak rizik za okolinu, gdje svi tehnički faktori izgledaju povoljno. U ovom radu su prikazani uslovi koje treba da zadovolji sredina u koju bi se otpad utiskivao, kao i kontrole vezane za njegovo utiskivanje. Obzirom da u toku utiskivanja čvrstih čestica nastaju promjene napona i orjentacije pukotina, procesi utiskivanja se prate i to koristeći bušotine i inducirano polje pomaka. Većina taložnih bazena ima povoljne karakteristike za izvođenje frakturnog utiskivanja mješavina i uz povoljan izbor mjesta u potpunosti bi se obezbjedila dugoročna sigurnost.Ključne riječi: otpad iz naftne industrije, odlaganje otpada, utiskivanje otpada pomoću bušotina, sredine pogodne za utiskivanje, praćenje utiskivanja DISPOSAL OF WASTE GENERATED DURING RESEARCH AND EXPLOATATION OF OIL AND GAS WITH INJECTION WELLS IN UNDERGROUND AND POSSIBILITY TO MONITOR INJECTION ABSTRACTInjection of a slurry used for the disposal of industrial waste generated during the research and exploatation of oil and gas. This waste is mostly formation water, drilling fluid that was used during drilling, fine grained oil sand and oil contaminated water. This method of waste disposal can be expanded to large volumes of solid and liquid waste at reasonable cost and low risk to the environment, where technical factors seem favorable. In this paper the conditions to be satisfied by the environment in which to waste engraved, as well as controls related to its injection. Considering that during the injection of solid particles generated stress changes and orientation of fracture, injection processes are monitored using wells and the induced displacement field. Most of the sedimentary basin has favorable characteristics for performance fracture injection mixture and with a favorable choice of fully ensure their long-term safety.Key words: waste from the petroleum industry, disposal of waste, injection waste with wells, the environment suitable for injection, injection monitoring