Oesophageal xanthalasma with Barrett’s Oesophagus and Menetrier’s Disease

Abstract

This case report describes three conditions; oesophageal xanthalasma, Menetrier’s disease and Barrett’s oesophagus, none of which have ever been seen together, diagnosed in one patient. Further to the details of the case the endoscopic, radiological and histological findings are discussed. Any links between these three conditions are currently unclear.

Esophageal Xanthoma in Barrett’s Esophagus Associated with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Use

“…EX was first reported in 1984, by Remmele and Engelsing [2]. and since then, 23 cases have been published in the English literature [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. According to the reported cases, esophageal xanthoma is generally a solitary, small (usually 2-5 mm, maximum 10 mm), yellowish elevated lesion [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…and since then, 23 cases have been published in the English literature [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. According to the reported cases, esophageal xanthoma is generally a solitary, small (usually 2-5 mm, maximum 10 mm), yellowish elevated lesion [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Most patients have mild or no gastrointestinal symptoms and the malignant transformation of EX has never been reported [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…According to the reported cases, esophageal xanthoma is generally a solitary, small (usually 2-5 mm, maximum 10 mm), yellowish elevated lesion [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Most patients have mild or no gastrointestinal symptoms and the malignant transformation of EX has never been reported [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Histologically, the lesion is composed by various sized aggregations of foamy cells showing small round shaped nuclei with periphery location and an abundant cytoplasm.…”

“…Histologically, the lesion is composed by various sized aggregations of foamy cells showing small round shaped nuclei with periphery location and an abundant cytoplasm. Differential diagnosis includes poorly differentiated carcinoma, storage diseases, infections, macroglobulinemia, and muciphages [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The clinical presentation together with the past medical history, symptoms of storage diseases, acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome, and/or macroglobulinemia, is essential.…”

“…Esophageal xanthoma (EX) is a very rare tumor-like lesion [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The etiology of it is unknown, but Uehara K. et al suggest that EX is associated with late inflammatory and reparative processes long after the initial injury of the esophageal squamous epithelium [3].…”