Of Solemn Oaths and Obligations: The Environmental Impact of the ICJ's Decision in the Case Concerning the Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros Project

Ocena Odziaływania na Zdrowie jako niezbędny element prawa ochrony środowiska w krajowym porządku prawnym. Rozważania na gruncie prawa międzynarodowego

“…In the justification to the judgement the Court held that a practise, which in recent years has gained so much acceptance among States that it may now be considered a requirement under general international law is to undertake an environmental impact assessment where there is a risk that the proposed industrial activity may have a significant, adverse impact in a transboundary context, in particular, on a shared resource (ICJ Judgment, 2010). It means that the procedure of EIA is considered a principle of international law on an erga omnes basis (Boyle, 2012), and the doctrine indicated that such an approach of the Court to environmental rights has already been stated (Stec, 1998). Taking account of Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice it should be pointed out that the obligation to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment procedure in the investment process at the international level is one of the fundamental principles of international law (ICJ Statute, 1945).…”

Le Test De Nécessité Environnementale Et Le Principe De Précaution Comme Éléments Du Droit De L’eau Douce

“…Ainsi, pour déterminer si une quelconque activité pourrait engendrer des dommages significatifs, il faut préalablement recourir à une évaluation de l'impact sur l'environnement 111 . Dans son opinion individuelle, à l'occasion de l'affaire Gabcikovo-Nagymaros 112 , le juge Weeramantry a proposé le principe international de l'évaluation continue de l'impact sur l'environnement 113 , à savoir une évaluation d'impact qui devrait être menée non seulement avant d'entamer une nouvelle activité, mais aussi tout au long du déroulement de l'activité envisagée. La Convention d'Helsinki prévoit à l'article 3, paragraphe 1h) l'obligation d'évaluer l'impact sur l'environnement.…”

Gabci̇kovo-Nagymaros Davasi

“…Divan, Macaristan'ın ileri sürdüğü "rebus sic stantibus" konusunda derinlemesine bir değerlendirme yapmaktan kaçınmış ve analizini 1977 Andlaşması'nın kendi dar teknik ve ekonomik çerçevesi içinde ele alma yolunu tercih etmiştir. Projenin büyük ölçüde soğuk savaş döneminin çıkar ilişkileri ve varsayımları üzerine inşa edilmiş olması, Sovyet himayesinin ortadan kalkmasıyla birlikte projeye yönelik algılama değişikliği, pazar ekonomisine geçiş, demokratikleşme, geopolitik gelişmeler, etkisi giderek yükselen çevre hareketi gibi unsurların dava üzerindeki olası etkileri, Divan tarafından dikkate alınmamıştır 70 .…”