Ohioensins and Pallidisetins: Novel Cytotoxic Agents from the Moss Polytrichum pallidisetum

Abstract

Bioassay-directed fractionation of an EtOH extract of the moss Polytrichum pallidisetum (Polytrichaceae) led to the isolation of three novel benzonaphthoxanthenones, 1-O-methylohioensin B [6], 1-O-methyldihydroohioensin B [7] and 1,14-di-O-methyldihydroohioensin B [8], and two novel cinnamoyl bibenzyls, pallidisetin A [9] and pallidisetin B [10]. Their structures and relative stereochemistry were established by spectral analyses and chemical correlation. Compounds 6-10 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the human tumor cell lines RPMI-7951 melanoma and U-251 glioblastoma multiforme. These two types of compounds could hypothetically be derived from cinnamic acid and bibenzyls through different biogenetic pathways.

Anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic activity of ethanolic extract and its various fractions from Polytrichum commune L.ex Hedw in L1210 cells

“…Thus, we inferred a complete extraction has been applied on the plant that we studied. Belonging to the same genus, P. juniperum, P. ohioense and P. pallidisetum have been shown cytotoxicity against the 9PS murine leukemia and several other tumor cell lines (Morris et al, 1952;Zheng et al, 1993Zheng et al, , 1994. In subsequent research, we are more interest to investigate the anti-tumor effect of EPCLH on L1210 cells using MTT assay.…”

“…(Polytrichaceae) contains novel polycyclic skeleton show cytotoxicity against 9PS murine leukemia and MCF-7 human breast tumor cells (Zheng et al, 1993). Moreover, the ethanol (EtOH) extract of Polytrichum pallidisetum (Polytrichaceae) in the isolation of three novel benzonaphthoxanthenones and two novel cinnamoyl bibenzyls can significantly inhibit the growth of RPMI-7951 melanoma and U-251 glioblastoma multiforme (Zheng et al, 1994). To the best of our knowledge, there are few investigation about the anti-cancer activity of P. commune extracts currently, and no studies available demonstrating the mechanism of action.…”

Therapeutic potential of bryophytes and derived compounds against cancer

“…In another investigation, novel cytotoxic agents from Polytrichum pallidisetum, ohioensins and pallidisetins have been recorded. In this study, 1-O-methylohioensin B, 1-Omethyldihydroohioensin B and 1,14-di-O-methyldihydroohioensin B, and two novel cinnamoyl bibenzyls, pallidisetin A and pallidisetin B had shown cytotoxicity against the human tumor cell lines RPMI-7951 melanoma and U-251 glioblastoma multiforme [179] , Ohioensins, a kind of benzonaphthoxanthenones from Polytrichum ohioense was reported earlier [180] . Communins A and B and a new benzonaphthoxanthenone, ohioensin H isolated from the moss Polytrichum commune were tested against cancer cell lines [181] , sanionins A and B from the Antarctic moss Sanionia georgico-uncinata collected from Livingston Island had shown weak cytotoxicity [33] .…”

Polytrichum commune L.ex Hedw ethyl acetate extract-triggered perturbations in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis regulates mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis

“…Previous pharmacological investigations indicate that the alcohol and acid extracts of Polytrichum juniperum Hedw can effectively damage implanted Sarcoma cell line 37 in CAF1 mice (Belkin and Fitzgerald, 1952) and ohioensin A-E, novel benzonaphthoxanthenones from Polytrichum ohioense, can kill many types of cancer cells (Chang, 1993). Zheng et al find that three novel benzonaphthoxanthenones and two novel cinnamoyl bibenzyls isolated from the ethanol extract of Polytrichum pallidisetum can significantly inhibit the growth of melanoma cell line RPMI-7951, glioblastoma cell line U-251 and multiforme cell line (Zheng et al, 1994). Moreover, the new compounds communins A, communins B, and ohioensin H isolated from PCLH can effectively damage a small panel of cancer cell lines, such as lung cancer cell line A-549 and leukemia cell 5 line 6T-CEM (Fu et al, 2009).…”