This
study is intended to reveal the impact of hydrothermal treatments
at temperatures of 200, 250, 300, and 350 °C on organic matter
(OM) of low-permeable rocks of two different lithofacies types (carbonate
and carbonate–siliceous rocks) from Domanic deposits of Upper
Devonian Tatarstan. Autoclave experiments were carried out in a carbon
dioxide environment. The content of OM and the yield of rock extracts,
as well as the stability of kerogen structures to hydrothermal influences,
were evaluated. The content of saturated hydrocarbons in the rock
extracts increases after the hydrothermal transformation of kerogen
and high-molecular-weight compounds, while the content of aromatic
hydrocarbons and asphaltenes decreases. The results of molecular weight
distribution of normal alkanes and isoprenoids show that rock extracts
according to the classification of A. Petrov correspond to the A type
of crude oil. Exposing hydrothermal factors on Domanic rocks at low
and high temperatures provides more total extraction of hydrocarbons
from rocks. The most intensive kerogen transformation process occurred
at 350 °C. Hydrothermal impact on the carbonate rocks leads to
almost complete transformation of kerogen with the formation of hydrocarbons,
while in carbonate–siliceous rock samples, significant part
of kerogen does not undergo transformation. The specific features
of some biomarkers such as alkanes, aryl isoprenoids, steranes, and
terpanes in petroleum products before and after hydrothermal treatment
were discussed. The results indicate the general genetic nature of
OM, but different geochemical conditions of its maturation in the
sedimentary strata. Thus, steam injection leads to different hydrocarbon
generating potential from different reservoir rocks.