Oil is Found in the Minds of Men: ABSTRACT

Halbouty, Michel T.

doi:10.1306/819a4142-16c5-11d7-8645000102c1865d

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In the complex southwest Pacific region, a valuable resource was the Plate‐Tectonic Map of the Circum‐Pacific Region, which was published in 6 sheets and is available in at least two editions [ Circum‐Pacific Mapping Project , 1981, 1986]. A few boundaries were digitized directly from this map set (e.g., western parts of the Solomon Sea plate, west boundary of the Kermadec plate).…”

Section: Assembly Of Plate Boundariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He also revised the location of the Andaman Sea spreading center slightly eastward. This geometry is shown on the Tectonic Map of the Circum‐Pacific Region [ Circum‐Pacific Mapping Project , 1986].…”

Section: Small Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For PB2002, I digitized the shape of the central part (1°N–14.4°N) of the “Burma plate” as given by the Tectonic Map of the Circum‐Pacific Region [ Circum‐Pacific Mapping Project , 1986], but I terminated the plate to the south at Pulau Simuelue (Figure 4). The deforming Sumatran forearc is included in the large “Ninety East‐Sumatra orogen”.…”

Section: Small Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since any possible northern extension of the Burma plate past 14.4°N would abut the Persia‐Tibet orogen, only information from latitudes 4.6°N to 14.4°N (the Andaman‐Nicobar Islands region) can be used for estimation of an Euler pole. From information on the Tectonic Map [ Circum‐Pacific Mapping Project , 1986] I estimate the SU‐BU Euler vector to be (103.7°E, 13.9°N, 2.1°/Ma). Then, using the SU‐PA rotation estimated in the previous section, the BU‐PA pole shown in Table 1 is computed.…”

Section: Small Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because seismicity along their common boundary is sparse, and their relative velocities are not large [ McCaffrey , 1996b]. Circum‐Pacific Map Project [1986] equivocated on this point by using the map symbols for intraplate faults along the CL‐PA boundary. The Euler pole adopted here for CL‐PA rotation (10.13°S, 134.43°E, 0.309°/Ma) is from Table 4 of Seno et al [1993], who used seismic slip vectors around PS to determine its current motion, and then determined CL motion from the CL‐PS pole (noted previously) and a few CL‐PA slip vectors.…”

Section: Small Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An updated digital model of plate boundaries

Bird

2003

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

2,149

1,761

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[1] A global set of present plate boundaries on the Earth is presented in digital form. Most come from sources in the literature. A few boundaries are newly interpreted from topography, volcanism, and/or seismicity, taking into account relative plate velocities from magnetic anomalies, moment tensor solutions, and/or geodesy. In addition to the 14 large plates whose motion was described by the NUVEL-1A poles (Africa, Antarctica, Arabia, Australia, Caribbean, Cocos, Eurasia, India, Juan de Fuca, Nazca, North America, Pacific, Philippine Sea, South America), model PB2002 includes 38 small plates (Okhotsk, Amur, Yangtze, Okinawa, Sunda, Burma, Molucca Sea, Banda Sea, Timor, Birds Head, Maoke, Caroline, Mariana, North Bismarck, Manus, South Bismarck, Solomon Sea, Woodlark, New Hebrides, Conway Reef, Balmoral Reef, Futuna, Niuafo'ou, Tonga, Kermadec, Rivera, Galapagos, Easter, Juan Fernandez, Panama, North Andes, Altiplano, Shetland, Scotia, Sandwich, Aegean Sea, Anatolia, Somalia), for a total of 52 plates. No attempt is made to divide the Alps-Persia-Tibet mountain belt, the Philippine Islands, the Peruvian Andes, the Sierras Pampeanas, or the California-Nevada zone of dextral transtension into plates; instead, they are designated as ''orogens'' in which this plate model is not expected to be accurate. The cumulative-number/area distribution for this model follows a power law for plates with areas between 0.002 and 1 steradian. Departure from this scaling at the small-plate end suggests that future work is very likely to define more very small plates within the orogens. The model is presented in four digital files: a set of plate boundary segments; a set of plate outlines; a set of outlines of the orogens; and a table of characteristics of each digitization step along plate boundaries, including estimated relative velocity vector and classification into one of 7 types (continental convergence zone, continental transform fault, continental rift, oceanic spreading ridge, oceanic transform fault, oceanic convergent boundary, subduction zone). Total length, mean velocity, and total rate of area production/destruction are computed for each class; the global rate of area production and destruction is 0.108 m 2 /s, which is higher than in previous models because of the incorporation of back-arc spreading.

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Section: Assembly Of Plate Boundariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An updated digital model of plate boundaries

Bird

2003

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

2,149

1,761

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The Subterranean Unsettling of Science, Race, and Religion: Obeah, Petroleum Geology, and Risk in Trinidad

Crosson

2024

Comp Stud Soc Hist

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When scholars have compared “African traditional religion” and “Western science,” they have often treated the terms of this comparison as racialized unitary entities, which are either radically different or somewhat similar (even as Western categories of rationality or nature remain the basis for these comparisons). This essay unsettles these assumptions by focusing on practices that are called “science” in the fields of both petroleum geology and Afro-Caribbean religion. Based on long-term ethnographic research in Trinidad, arguably the world’s oldest site of commercial oil extraction, I show how internal differences between those involved in “petroleum science” and “African religion” reveal a spectrum of meanings for the word “science” centered on relations to risk. At one end of this spectrum, science conveyed ideals of stable tradition that de-risked claims to knowledge for energy sector specialists intent on securing foreign investment or for “Yorubacentric” lineages of African religion centering initiation-based authority. At this spectrum’s other end, “science” foregrounded the risks of accessing hard-to-perceive forces in petroleum exploration or “spiritual work.” By focusing on heterogeneous practices rather than cultural essences or ideals of rationality, I show how the ethical implications of “science” depend on differing experiences of the risks of working with subterranean powers. While petroleum surveys at my field site in Trinidad required embodied risks by laborers, geologists backgrounded these contexts of power, representing the risks of their work as a problem of scientific accuracy. Afro-Trinidadian spiritual workers, in contrast, foregrounded the embodied risks of science as the ground of ethical practice.

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Stratigraphy of architectural elements in a buried volcanic system and implications for hydrocarbon exploration

Bischoff

Nicol

Beggs³

2017

Interpretation

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The interaction between magmatism and sedimentation creates a range of petroleum plays at different stratigraphic levels due to the emplacement and burial of volcanoes. This study characterizes the spatio-temporal distribution of the fundamental building blocks (i.e., architectural elements) of a buried volcano and enclosing sedimentary strata to provide insights for hydrocarbon exploration in volcanic systems. We use a large data set of wells and seismic reflection surveys from the offshore Taranaki Basin, New Zealand, compared with outcropping volcanic systems worldwide to demonstrate the local impacts of magmatism on the evolution of the host sedimentary basin and petroleum system. We discover the architecture of Kora volcano, a Miocene andesitic polygenetic stratovolcano that is currently buried by more than 1000 m of sedimentary strata and hosts a subcommercial discovery within volcanogenic deposits. The 22 individual architectural elements have been characterized within three main stratigraphic sequences of the Kora volcanic system. These sequences are referred to as premagmatic (predate magmatism), synmagmatic (defined by the occurrence of intrusive, eruptive, and sedimentary architectural elements), and postmagmatic (degradation and burial of the volcanic structures after magmatism ceased). Potential petroleum plays were identified based on the distribution of the architectural elements and on the geologic circumstances resulting from the interaction between magmatism and sedimentation. At the endogenous level, emplacement of magma forms structural traps, such as drag folds and strata jacked up above intrusions. At the exogenous level, syneruptive, intereruptive, and postmagmatic processes mainly form stratigraphic and paleogeomorphic traps, such as interbedded volcano-sedimentary deposits, and upturned pinchout of volcanogenic and nonvolcanogenic coarse-grained deposits onto the volcanic edifice. Potential reservoirs are located at systematic vertical and lateral distances from eruptive centers. We have determined that identifying the architectural elements of buried volcanoes is necessary for building predictive models and for derisking hydrocarbon exploration in sedimentary basins affected by magmatism.

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Oil is Found in the Minds of Men: ABSTRACT

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

An updated digital model of plate boundaries

An updated digital model of plate boundaries

The Subterranean Unsettling of Science, Race, and Religion: Obeah, Petroleum Geology, and Risk in Trinidad

Stratigraphy of architectural elements in a buried volcanic system and implications for hydrocarbon exploration

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