Oil refining in a CO2 constrained world: Effects of carbon pricing on refineries globally

Abdul-Manan, Amir F.N.; Arfaj, Abdullah Al; Babiker, Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.046

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Such data can be normalized to satisfy the requirement of the functional unit, according to the higher heating values (HHVs) [26] and global warming potential (GWP) [27]. The indirect GHG emission factors of fossil fuels can be derived from the literature regarding the GHG emissions in oil fields and refineries, such as [28,29]. Such emission factors are provided in Table 1.…”

Section: Emission Factors Of Ghg Emission Sources 221 Fossil Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) The direct GHG emission factors are calculated by EF j = ∑ i DEF ij •HHV j •GWP i [30]; i represents the type of greenhouse gas, e.g., CO 2 , CH 4 , or N 2 O; j represents the type of fossil fuel, e.g., gasoline or diesel; DEF ij is the default emission factor of greenhouse gas i from fossil fuel j combustion [25]; HHV j is the higher heating value of fossil fuel j [26]; GWP i is the global warming potential of greenhouse gas i [27]. (3) The indirect GHG emission factors are derived from [28,29]. (4) The statistical recovery ratio of light fossil fuel in China's oil field and refinery is 74% [31].…”

Section: Emission Factors Of Ghg Emission Sources 221 Fossil Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) EF AN is the indirect GHG emission factor for producing AN [36]. (4) EF Diesel is the indirect GHG emission factor for producing diesel in oilfields and refineries [28,29]. (5) EF n is the GHG emission factor of industrial explosive n.…”

Section: Industrial Explosivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate Impact of China’s Promotion of the Filling Mining Method: Bottom-Up Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Underground Metal Mines

et al. 2021

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China recently implemented a “Green Mine” policy focused on promoting the filling method, aiming to mitigate the environmental impacts of underground mining; nevertheless, quantitative inventories have rarely been provided to support or negate such promotion, especially from a life-cycle perspective. Accordingly, this paper proposes a bottom-up model for estimating life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from underground metal mines using either filling or caving methods. Two filling-based (Luohe and Longtangyan) and two caving-based (Maogong and Xiaowanggou) iron mines were studied; their direct GHG emissions were 0.576, 0.278, 2.130, and 1.425 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per kiloton-extracted ore (t CO2 eq/kt), respectively. When indirect GHG emissions were considered, the results increased to 17.386, 15.211, 5.554, and 5.602 t CO2 eq/kt, respectively. In contrast to popular belief, such results demonstrate that promoting the filling method can potentially raise the overall GHG emissions. Although filling-based projects generate less direct GHG emissions, the emissions are transferred to upstream sectors, especially the cement and power sectors. The additional electricity consumption in the haulage and backfilling stages is primarily responsible for the greater GHG emissions occurring in filling-based projects. Some mitigation approaches are suggested, such as backfilling the subsidence pit, using industrial waste as cementing materials, employing energy-efficient pumps, and further developing hauling systems.

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Section: Emission Factors Of Ghg Emission Sources 221 Fossil Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emission Factors Of Ghg Emission Sources 221 Fossil Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate Impact of China’s Promotion of the Filling Mining Method: Bottom-Up Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Underground Metal Mines

et al. 2021

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“…The simplification that we have made greatly reduces the modeling efforts especially given the vast numbers of refineries in a region, and the calibration of the model partly mitigates the issues associated with over-optimization (MathPro, 2014). More discussions on our modeling approach can be found in Lu et al (2016), Abdul-Manan et al (2017 and Gordillo et al (2017). Specifically the PADD III LP model utilized in this study has been used previously in other refinery assessments (Lu et al, 2016;Abdul-Manan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Experimental Detailmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Alternative Octane Specification Methods for Improved Gasoline Knock Resistance in Spark-Ignition Engines

2018

Self Cite

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Different octane specification methods were evaluated under rising ethanol blending volumes by adopting a refinery economics model to represent a region in the U.S. It was demonstrated that the traditional octane specification methods, such as the Anti-knock Index (AKI) used in the U.S., or the Research Octane Number (RON) and Motor Octane Number (MON) used in the EU, can lead to counterintuitive drop in octane sensitivity with increased availability of ethanol. This is undesirable for modern gasoline engines that require fuels with high RON and low MON, but it is a consequence of how a refinery reformulates the gasoline blendstock, resulting in more naphtha being used in the final composition. The use of a new specification method based on octane index (OI), with engine constant K = −1, internalizes the diminishing role that MON plays in modern engines, thus ensures that the desirable anti-knock quality is being met either through higher RON and/or higher sensitivity. Initial assessment suggests a potential engine efficiency benefit (∼ 1.5%) to be gained simply by switching from an AKI-based specification method to an equivalent OI-based method.

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“…Sustainable development is the only way to coordinate the harmonious development of human, nature, and society [1]. The refining industry, as a basic industry meeting the national demand of energy, is confronted with the tasks of providing combustion energy as well as reducing emissions [2]. China's oil refining industry has been rapidly developed, specifically reflecting the sustained growth in the aspects of capacity and production, integrated large-scale be considered in the DEA [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Assessment of Refining Enterprises Using a DEA-Based Model

Dong

Sun

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:As one of the basic industries supporting the national economy development and energy demand, the refining industry is expected to provide combustion energy, reduce pollution emission, and improve utilization efficiency. With more stringent requirement for environmental protection, refining enterprises have to insist on the sustainable development to achieve industrial optimization. Evaluation of the sustainability of enterprises can help them understand their situation more objectively and guide them to establish modes for sustainable development. In this study, the evaluation system is firstly built from perspectives of economic, ecological, and social sustainability, including six second-grade indexes and seventeen third-grade indexes, which can accurately reflect the entire sustainability contents of refining enterprises. Then, a DEA-based model is constructed, which selects seven input indexes (e.g., the asset-liability ratio and comprehensive energy consumption per unit of output) and nine output indexes (e.g., return on assets, asset turnover, and science and technology investment strength). The DEA-based model can not only objectively evaluate the sustainability level, but also find out the restriction factors for further optimization. Third, to demonstrate the validity of the model, 15 enterprises are selected for case studies, among which only four are identified as having strong sustainability. For the other 11 enterprises, projection analyses are implemented, and the DMU values of three enterprises characterized by low efficiency are adjusted to find out the restriction factors, which reflect the model's efficiency and its potentially wide application in the future. Finally, specific suggestions are proposed for the enhancement of sustainability of refining enterprises.

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Oil refining in a CO2 constrained world: Effects of carbon pricing on refineries globally

Cited by 31 publications

References 34 publications

Climate Impact of China’s Promotion of the Filling Mining Method: Bottom-Up Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Underground Metal Mines

Climate Impact of China’s Promotion of the Filling Mining Method: Bottom-Up Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Underground Metal Mines

Exploring Alternative Octane Specification Methods for Improved Gasoline Knock Resistance in Spark-Ignition Engines

Sustainability Assessment of Refining Enterprises Using a DEA-Based Model

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