Old age and the functional consequences of amblyopia

Simons, Kurt

doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2008.05.013

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…With prevalence of approximately three per cent of the population, amblyopia has significant costs to both the individual and community in terms of screening and treatment. While much has been reported about the visual characteristics of amblyopia, the natural history of the condition and appropriate detection and treatment strategies, the functional disadvantage of amblyopia has only more recently been specifically explored, particularly in the childhood population in whom amblyopia is most often diagnosed and treated. Indeed, the ethical basis for detecting and treating amblyopia or its risk factors without evidence of disability was directly questioned in Snowden and Stewart‐Brown's 1997 review of the literature regarding effectiveness of preschool vision screening .…”

Section: Visual Deficits In Amblyopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The functional impact of amblyopia

Webber

2018

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Amblyopia is the most common disorder managed in paediatric ophthalmic practice in industrialised countries. Reports on the impact of amblyopia on tasks relevant to the activities of children, or on skills pertinent to their education and quality of life, is leading to greater understanding of the functional disabilities associated with the condition. This review considers the extent to which amblyopia affects the ability to carry out everyday tasks, with particular attention to studies of motor skills and reading proficiency in children. Collectively, these studies show that amblyopia results in poorer outcomes on tests of skills required for proficiency in everyday tasks and which relate to childhood academic performance. However, the relative contributions that the documented vision anomalies inherent in amblyopia contribute to various functional disabilities is not fully determined. Recent reports have demonstrated improvement following treatment in standardised measures of fine motor skills involved in practical, everyday tasks. Including measurement of functional performance skills in amblyopia treatment trials is desirable to show treatment effect on crucial, real-world activities.

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Section: Visual Deficits In Amblyopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The functional impact of amblyopia

Webber

2018

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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“…A mblyopia, a neurodevelopmental visual disorder that affects approximately 3% of the population, is associated with reduced visual acuity (VA) and degraded binocular vision, including suppression and impaired stereoscopic depth perception. Significant functional and quality of life consequences are also reported in cases of amblyopia, [1][2][3] with impairment in visuomotor control under habitual binocular viewing conditions being an important functional burden of the condition. [4][5][6][7][8] Larger fine motor skill (FMS) deficits have been associated with worse amblyopic eye VA and stereopsis, 7,[9][10][11][12][13] suggesting that motor defects may be secondary to the visual impairments resulting from amblyopia.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fine Motor Skills of Children With Amblyopia Improve Following Binocular Treatment

Webber

Wood

Thompson

2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Vision in preschool children is uniquely important because their visual system is still developing and they are at risk of developing amblyopia from some forms of uncorrected high ametropia or anisometropia 1. Deprivation may lead to long term visual impairment 2, 3…”

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confidence: 99%

Child Development and Refractive Errors in Preschool Children

Ibironke¹,

Friedman²,

Repka³

et al. 2011

Optometry and Vision Science

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Purpose Many parents are concerned about their child's development. The purpose of this study is to determine if parental concerns about overall development are associated with significant refractive errors among urban preschool children. Methods A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of ocular disorders in white and African American children 6 through 71 months of age in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. A comprehensive eye examination with cycloplegic refraction was performed. Parental concerns about development were measured with the Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status screening tool. 2381 of 2546 eligible children (93.5%) completed the refraction and the parental interview. Results Parental concerns about development were present in 510 of the 2381 children evaluated (21.4%; 95% CI: 9.8% – 23.1%). The adjusted odds ratios [OR] of parental concerns with hyperopia (≥ 3.00D) was 1.26 (95% CI: 0.90 – 1.74), with myopia (≥ 1.00D) was 1.29 (95% CI: 0.83 – 2.03), with astigmatism (≥ 1.50D) was 1.44 (95% CI: 1.08 – 1.93) irrespective of the type of astigmatism, and with anisometropia ≥ 2.00D was 2.61 (95% CI: 1.07 – 6.34). The odds of parental concerns about development significantly increased in children older than 36 months with hyperopia ≥ 3.00D, astigmatism ≥ 1.50D, or anisometropia ≥ 2.00D. Conclusions Parental concerns about general developmental problems were associated with some types of refractive error, astigmatism ≥ 1.50D and anisometropia ≥ 2.00D in children ages 6 to 71 months. Parental concerns were also more likely in children older than 36 months of age with hypermetropia, astigmatism or anisometropia. Parental concerns were not associated with myopia. Due to the potential consequences of uncorrected refractive errors, children whose parents have expressed concerns regarding development should be referred for an eye examination with cycloplegic refraction to rule out significant refractive errors.

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Old age and the functional consequences of amblyopia

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

The functional impact of amblyopia

The functional impact of amblyopia

Fine Motor Skills of Children With Amblyopia Improve Following Binocular Treatment

Child Development and Refractive Errors in Preschool Children

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