Oleic Acid Rich Tree-borne Oilseeds from Forests of Assam, India

Abstract

Introduction Edible oils are structurally composed of tri-acylglycerol molecules formed by unsaturated oleic, linolenic, linoleic acids etc. and saturated fatty acids capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic etc. esterified to Glycerol units 1. As oils of seeds contain mainly unsaturated fatty acids therefore seed oils are preferred more as an alternative to saturated animal fats like bacon, butter and hydrogenated vegetable products. Linoleic, linolenic and oleic acids are called the essential fatty acids EFAs as they provide nutrition to the human body. Among the fatty acids, oleic acid is considered most important fatty acid particularly during gestation-lactation period 2. Oleic acid is naturally occurring and is classified as a mono-unsaturated omega-9 fatty acid. It is the most common monounsaturated omega fatty acid in human cells incorporated into cell membrane phospholipids, where it is important for proper membrane fluidity. Membrane fluidity is responsible for hormone responsiveness, infectivity of pathogens, mineral transport and immune competence. Oleic acid is also a major source of energy for cells. It is catabolized to acetyl groups used for energy ATP production and biosynthesis of many essential metabolites. Biosynthesis of this class of fatty acid utilizes the same enzymes re

Chemistry and Sensory Characterization of a Bakery Product Prepared with Oils from African Edible Insects

“…In the present study, oleic acid was identified as the most abundant MUFA in all the treatments. Oleic acid has previously been reported as the most abundant fatty acid in both insects [ 40 ] and humans [ 48 ]. It is important to note that there are important benefits associated with the presence of oleic acid in living organisms, for example, in insects, it regulates the fluidity of cell membranes by serving as a major precursor for the biosynthesis of waxes and semiochemicals [ 49 ], while in humans, it serves as a cholesterol-lowering agent associated with heart diseases [ 49 ] and as an anticancer and anti-inflammatory agent [ 50 ].…”

“…It is important to note that there are important benefits associated with the presence of oleic acid in living organisms, for example, in insects, it regulates the fluidity of cell membranes by serving as a major precursor for the biosynthesis of waxes and semiochemicals [ 49 ], while in humans, it serves as a cholesterol-lowering agent associated with heart diseases [ 49 ] and as an anticancer and anti-inflammatory agent [ 50 ]. Additionally, it plays a crucial role during pregnancy-lactation [ 51 ], promotes cell viability [ 52 ], and serves as a source of energy and a precursor for the biosynthesis of linoleic acid required for production of arachidonic acid involved in cell regulation [ 48 ]. Thus, the detection of oleic acid in all the oils and bakery products (cookies) suggests that it may contribute to their overall nutritional quality.…”

Comparative study for physico - chemical characteristics of crude Moringa Peregrina , Terminalia bellerica and Tiger nut oils

“…Results in the table (4) showed the phenolic compounds of Moringa peregrina seeds oil, Terminalia bellerica seeds oil, and Tiger nut oil determined by HPLC, analysis it could be noticed that oleuropin was the major phenolic compounds 10.65, 15.76, and 14.51 ppm in the same above samples, respectively followed by salicylic acid (4.43) and (pyrogallol 2.48 ppm) in Moringa, ellagic acid was1.33 and ferulic acid 1.11ppm in Terminalia and ferulic acid 1.64, ellagic acid was 1.55 ppm in Tiger nut [ 34,35]. [2,10,9,17,33].…”

“…64, No. 9 (2021) On the other hand, linolenic acid recorded the lowest value in the unsaturated fatty acid, it was 0.02, 0.12, and 0.15 in Moringa seeds oil, Terminalia seeds oil, and Tiger nut oil, respectively, also the ratio of the total unsaturated /total saturated fatty acid (Tus/ Ts) was 4.25, 3.25 and 3.48%, respectively [3,1,8,10,32,33].…”

“…The oil of Terminalia bellirica showed high content of tocopherol (0.05%). Among eleven metals (Ca, Cu, Zn, Mg, Mn, Fe, Pb, Cd, As, Na, K) in all the six fatty oil contents, Pb and Cu showed high concentrations while, Fe values of all the oil contents were below the permissible concentrations [10]. Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) is an edible perennial grass-like plant native to the old world, and is a lesser-known vegetable that produces sweet nutlike tubers known as earth Almonds.…”